Screening And Analysis Of Trichome Mutants Of Flue-cured Tobacco Variety Zhongyan 100 Induced By EMS

Zhongyan 100(CF965)is the main cultivated variety in China,which has the characteristics of high yield,strong resistance,good fertilizer resistance and easy to bake etc.However,it is not welcome in industry production due to its poor aroma.Meanwhile,It highlights the problem of poor aroma along with the deveoplent of low tar cigarettes.In order to improve the variety quaility of CF965 and its industrial usability based on keeping its advantages,in this paper,Ethyl methane sulphonate(EMS)is used to treat the Flue-cured Tabacco variety CF965 in order to get 2000 pieces of mutation material.Then,through a creative system of mutant screening to get 31 glandular mutant based on the standard of its agronomic traits,leaf trichome morphology,leaf chemical components,routine chemical components,aroma compositions and smoking quality.Finally,five candidate strains such as SX-17,SX-18,MC-29,MC-30,MC-67 were screened from the mutant materials of glandular trichomes as a bases to get excellent strains of CF965.The main results are as follows:1.SX-17: The plant height was significantly higher than the controi groups,the leaf area increased,and the pitch was slightly less than the control groups.Trichome density increased 43% than the control groups.Most of them were long trichomes,but less leaf cuticular extraction,and chromoplast alkanes,sucrose ester content were lower than the control groups;the total content of neutral aroma components in flue-cured tobacco leaves was 29% higher than that the control groups,most of them were the plastid pigments.Besides,it was higher potassium,lower chlorine,lower sugar,lower nitrogen,high content than its control groups.2.SX-18: The plant height was not significantly different from that of the control,and the leaves were long and narrow.Trichome density increased 67%,cembranoids in leaf cuticular extraction increased 43%,but the alkane hyfrocarbon decreased.The total aroma content of Flue-cured totbacco increased slightly,which was higher than the control groups7.5%.The contents of protein,postassium,chlorine and total nitrogen increased,but sugar and nicotine decreased.3.MC-29: The plant is tall,significantly different from that of control,which have longer leaves.Trichome density was pretty larger which have 3 times than the control groups.The main component of leaf cuticular extraction is cembranoids.Gluconse and lipid was increased by 17 times than the control groups;alkane content decreased more than 36.3%;aroma components in flue-cured tobacco was increased by 50%,pigment was improved and the degradation products of carotenoids were more 38.67% than the control groups.Potassium and carbohydrate decreased,chlorine content increased significantly.4.MC-30: The leaf area was significantly larger than that of the control,and the other traits had no significant change.Trichome density is more 40% than CF965,most of them were long trichomes.The main component of leaf cuticular extraction is cembranoids which 2times than the control groups and less 15.4% than its control groups.It is no difference between Aroma components in flue-cured tobacco and the control groups.Pigment have a great raise but solanesol is less 40.3% than the conrtrol groups.Besides,potassium have a quite sharp decrease and chlorine get a 21% raise.Total sugar and nicotine content increased slightly.5.MC-67: The plant was short,but the leaf area was large.Trichome density increased by85%,most of them were long trichomes.The content of leaf cuticular extraction is high.The main component of leaf cuticular extraction is cembranoids which 2 times than the control groups.Meanwhile,alkane content slightly increased.The content of the flue-cured tobacco such as protein,total nitrogen decreased slightly,reducing sugar and total sugar and the ratio of potassium increased highly and the ratio of potassium.Cembratriendiol catabolite was the highest,65% higher than the control groups.