Research On Metabolic Regulation Of Flue-cured Tobacco "High-temperature-forced Maturity"

Field experiment of this research,based on over Yunyan 87 varieties tested,was carried in Desheng Town Lichuan county in Jiangxi province in 2015-2016 tobacco agricultural experimental zone.By measuring the growth of roots and leaves of tobacco plant physiological indexes,the temperature and humidity of the rhizosphere and soil microbes,statistical index of flue-cured tobacco field condition and incidence rate of high temperature force familiar indicators,such as system in high temperature and strong light intercross stress was studied in adversity,flue-cured tobacco roots and leaves of metabolic regulation and control technology,in order to establish flue-cured tobacco "high-temperature-forced maturity" prevention and control technology system.Aimed at frequent "high-temperatureforced maturity" for flue-cured tobacco zone against unfavorable climate factors provide theoretical basis for the regulation of cultivation measures,achieving lower incidence rate of high-temperature-forced maturity tobacco,tobacco leaf quality improvement purpose.The main research results are as follows:(1)In tobacco root irrigation microbial agents and mature period spraying microbial agents can promote the growth and development of tobacco plant,improving the plant height,stem circumference,maximum leaf area index of agronomic traits,such as promote the occurrence of root elongation and lateral root at the same time,and increased the root volume and dry matter accumulation of tobacco plant.After applying soil microbial agents,the root activity of tobacco plant have increased significantly,thus givng root irrigation method and making the combination of tobacco leaves in mature period still maintained a higher level of root activity.In terms of root soil microbial number,different periods of microorganisms including bacteria,actinomyces and fungi,after applying microbial agents were significantly increased.Compared with controls,after applying microbial agents,roast tobacco leaf total sugar and reducing sugar and potassium content increases,while reduced nicotine and chlorine content,two sugars ratio and sugar-nicotine ratio is better than the control.The processing of applying microbial agents "high-temperature-forced maturity" rates are lower than controls.In conclusion,combined with spraying with the root of the microbial agents use the best way.(2)After tobacco ridge covering straw,soil temperature decreased,the mature stage were lower than control treatments,and soil moisture content is slightly higher than the control;Compared with the control,covering the four straw processing better root volume and root length,and delaying the processing of 10 days straw mulching after film uncovered root activity is the highest,and dry matter accumulation of aboveground and underground part is the most.Normal time straw mulching after film uncovered and delaying 10 days straw mulching after film uncovered field Mosaic disease incidence is low.The processing of "hightemperature-forced maturity" is lower incidence compared with other processing,10 days delay straw mulching after film uncovered processing roast tobacco after conventional chemical composition is more harmonious,more appropriate in two sugars ratio and sugarnicotine ratio.In conclusion,10 days delay straw mulching after film uncovered processing is more advantageous to the prevention and control of high temperature and light adversity stress.(3)Compared with spraying water on the control of the spraying Ca Cl2 and betaine reduces the field Mosaic disease incidence and disease index,spray processing light damage prevention and control agent flue-cured tobacco "high-temperature-forced maturity" rates significantly lower than the control.Spraying betaine chemical composition after processing of tobacco baking total sugar and reducing sugar content is higher,and two sugars ratio and sugar-nicotine ratio are better than the other treatment.But the nicotine content is low.The effect of spraying transpiration resistant agent in aroma and plastid pigment content is slightly lower than the control.Spraying on the comprehensive analysis of Ca Cl2 and spraying betaine solution can improve the quality of tobacco leaves.However,in actual production application the better light damage prevention and control of agent is Ca Cl2,which have lower economic cost compared with betaine.(4)In secondary metabolism revulsant screening tests,spraying 0.5 mg·L-1 2,4-Epibrassinolide table processing Mosaic incidence lowest,at 1.89%,spraying salicylic acid 100 mg·L-1 treatment the disease index of lowest,at 1.38,spraying salicylic acid 200 mg·L-1 solution to deal with the Mosaic disease incidence and the disease is severe.However,the chemical composition is better in coordination than other processing.Content of neutral flavor matter components in spraying salicylic acid 100 mg·L-1 the optimal processing performance,roast tobacco carotenoid after class,cembratrendiol group and neophytadiene is higher.In flue-cured tobacco production output,spraying salicylic acid 100 mg·L-1 processing yield is higher,the output is the largest,the highest proportion of superior tobacco.Compared with the control,spraying secondary metabolism inducers four processing flue-cured tobacco "high-temperature-forced maturity" rates are lower than controls,including spraying salicylic acid 200 mg·L-1 d with minimum.In conclusion,the best treatment is 100 mg·L-1 salicylic acid.