Cytological And Agronomic Traits Analysis On Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat

Bread whe at is an amphi diploid(2n = 6x = 42,AABBDD)with three geno mes(ABD)and it is believ ed that it originat ed as a res ult of spontane ous hybri dization betw een atetra ploid wheat Trugidum(2n = 4x = 28,AABB)and adiploid wheat Aegilopstauschii(2n = 2x =14,DD)(Yang et al.2009).However,it is thought that this evolution of bread wheat involved very few members of the two species.Cons equently,the gene pool of hexaploid wheat is much narrowed as comp ared to its progenitors.This has further been confirmed by molecular genetic analysis of bre ad wheat and its evolutionary parents(Nazem and Arzani 2013).However,today's bread wh eat is faced with an increasing pressure from biotic and abiotic stresses.The existing genetic diversit has exhausted to bring further improvements in bread wheat.On the other hand,its progenitors have been growing in the wild and have accumulated many useful genes during evolution to better with stand the biotic and abiotic stresses(Tariq-Khan et al.2012)This paper,In order to analysis cytological and agronomic traits of the 94 parts of Synthetic hexaploid wheats and forth to fifth generation(S4-S5)in NA0928 newly Synthetic hexaploid wheats.1.94 parts of Synthetic wheat agronomic traits investigation and analysisThe results showed that:there are different synthetic wheat agronomic traits abundant variations.Agronomic shape coefficient of variation were:Grain Number(21.12%)>Spike Length(14.70%)>1000-grain Weight(14.39%)>Plant Height(9.25%)>Growth period(0.60%).Description 94 parts of synthetic hexaploid material agronomic traits diverse types can be screened to obtain material for breeding.From which the study gained 19 parts Synthetic wheat with good comprehensive agronomic traits.2.Cytological and agronomic traits analysis on synthetic hexaploid wheatUsed MY3478(2n = 4x = 28,AABB)as female cossing with SY41(2n = 2x= 14,DD)as male thought chromosome doubling to create hexaploid wheat NA0928.Cytological and agronomic traits analysis in S4-S5 of the NA0928.It was showed from the analysis of agronomic traits that the Effective Tiller Number(6.05%)>Awn Lenght(25.29%)>Spike Lenght(18.59%)>Plant Height(15.77%)>Number Of Spikelets(6.05%).Which highest is Tiller Number of 83.38%,and the least is Number Of Spikelets of 6.05%.For different synthesized hexaploid wheat S5 generation,the chromosome number changes as follows:36 to 44,in which euploidy accounted for 56.74%,in contrast aneuploidy accounted for 43.26%.Aneuploidy,the seed number of 36 chromosomes accounted for 1.42%;37 is 3.55%;38 is 4.26%;39 is 4.26%;40 is 6.38%;41 accounted for 17.73%;43 is 4.26%;seed number of 44 chromosomes accounted for 1.42%.The Fluorescence in situ Hybridization(FISH)results showed that the chromosome number of synthesized hexaploid wheat configuration rich variation.Chromosome number variation range:40-42 item,dyeing configuration in the A,B,D group were variations in the performance:the addition of 3A,4A,6B,6D or the missing of 1A,6A,1B,2B,5B,7B,ID,4D,5D,6D.There are different materials of the same chromosome configuration;Different plant chromosome composed of the same material are also differences.The study gained three Synthetic hexaploid wheat,which has an important value in use of synthetic genetic improvement of wheat breeding.