| Parasaissetia nigra is an important pest of rubber tree,mainly distributed in the south China provinces in our country.The pest has caused serious impact on the rubber industry in China.Through chemical control,biological control,agricultural control and other means,have been controlled at a level not enough to harm.In recent years,there are still occured in some areas in Hainan.Now from the perspective of ecology,green prevention and control is the most popular means in P.nigra control applications.The field survey found that there is a complex relationship between P.nigra,ants and parasitic wasps.Based on this,ant species and the spatial distribution between different groups of ants are investigated in Hainan P.nigra hazard areas,and predatory ants(Crematogaster rogenhoferi)and mutual advantage ants(Tapinoma melanocephalum)as the research object,preliminary studies them with the relationship between P.nigra and parasitic wasps.The results are as follows:(1)Through the observation and inducement method of Hainan P.nigra hazards disaster ant species investigation.,a total of 16 kinds of mutual advantage ants and 1 species of predatory ants,belonging to 4 subfamilies,11 genera are collected.Among them,the mutual advantage ant the dominant species was T.melanocephalum,Anoplolepis gracilipes suboptimal species.(2)Using aggregation indices,Iwao's M*-m regression analysis method and Taylor's power law analysis the C.rgenhoferi and T.melanocephalum in rubber tree space distribution types and three methods show that C.rogenhoferi and T.melanocephalum in rubber seedling spatial distribution was aggregated distribution.(3)In the presence of rubber plantation C.rogenhofer,the population of T.melanocephalum is significant(P<0.05)lower than those without C.rogenhoferi rubber trees.From the C.rogenhoferi aggressive test know that,C.rogenhoferi have some control to T.melanocephalum,and one C.rogenhoferi could against nine T.melanocephalum.Meanwhile,the existence of C.rogenhoferi can reduce the existing odds of parasitic wasps.(4)The functional response of C.rogenhoferi to P.nigra 1rd instar larva belongs to Holoing,the function reflect model as follows:Na=2.1236 N/1+1.2462 N.Tne predation of C.rogenhoferi to P.nigra 1rd instar larva increases with the increase of density,when the density reached a certain amount,the predation begin to decrease,velocity curve smooth.C.rogenhoferi Searching efficiency model is E = 1.2771P-0.01842.The searching efficiency decrease with increase of its density,which show that in process of predation,the mutual interference in different individuals may exist.Through the behavior of C.rogenhoferi found that,foraging behavior percentage of C.rogenhoferi to P.nigra 1rd instar larva is small,but searching and grooming behavior is high among the whole process of feeding behavior.(5)The result of of three kinds of plant-originated repellent for mutual advantage ants to avoid displacement effect screening experiment show that,Arise ants repellents achieved the best results;Lang's family times spirit;capsaicin is the worst.Meanwhile three plant repellents have a certain recessive to P.nigra lrd and 2rd instar larva,and Arise ants repellents have highest control effect.When use Arise ants repellents on plant on 10cm up the ground,it can not only repellent the ants but also cause lager number of ant nests moved.After repellent mutualism ants,the number of P.nigra can greatly decrease,and significant decreases(P<0.05)parasitization of parasitoids in P.nigra. |
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