Study On Near Field Multi-source 3D Localization Algorithm Based On Microphone Array

In order to meet the advent of the intelligent era,human-computer interaction,smart homes,and automotive noise source identification have put forward higher and more comprehensive requirements for sound source localization technology.The traditional far-field signal arrival direction estimation cannot accurately locate such near-term Sound source in a field environment.At present,the spatial spectrum estimation method represented by the three-dimensional multiple signal classification algorithm(3D MUSIC)is a research hotspot in the field of near-field sound source recognition and localization.It has the advantages of high positioning accuracy,strong anti-noise ability,and good stability.However,it also has high computational complexity and poor real-time limit in engineering application.Therefore,the research of fast near-field 3D MUSIC algorithm has important theoretical and engineering application value.The main research contents of this article are as follows:Firstly,the sound source localization method based on plane wave and spherical wave signals is studied and the two-dimensional MUSIC localization algorithm for the far field is derived.At the same time,the distance attenuation factor is introduced to establish the three-dimensional MUSIC localization algorithm for the near field.Based on the moving microphone array,spatial focus is established.The computational complexity and real-time performance of each positioning algorithm are analyzed;Secondly,in order to overcome the disadvantages of the poor real-time performance of the above-mentioned localization algorithm,a near-field MUSIC three-dimensional multi-sound source localization algorithm based on the bat algorithm(3D-BMUSIC)is proposed.The new algorithm has the advantages of simple model,fast convergence speed and few control parameters.It can effectively reduce the computational complexity of spectral peak search,increase the calculation speed of the algorithm,and improve the accuracy of the positioning algorithm.Research shows that its calculation time is only about 2% of the 3D MUSIC algorithm;Finally,the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by using narrowband near-field multi-source localization experiments.The experiments show that the near-field 3D MUSIC algorithm has high computational complexity and poor real-time performance;the spatial-focus-based near-field sound source localization algorithm has lower resolution;the 3D-BMUSIC algorithm has excellent global and local search capabilities,3D-BMUSIC algorithm can effectively improve the resolution and real-time performance of near-field multi-sound source localization.This paper discusses the spatial location of multiple near-field sound sources.A near-field multi-source signal receiving model was derived and a near-field multi-source 3D MUSIC localization method was established.Based on the bat algorithm,a fast 3D sound source localization algorithm was proposed.The new algorithm has the advantages of accurate positioning,high resolution,good real-time performance and engineering application value.