Study On Electric Vehicle Routing Problem With Flexible Time Window Integrated With Energy Consumption Estimation

With the worldwide energy shortage,environmental pollution and other problems,new energy vehicles have gradually replaced the traditional fuel vehicles and been applied to all walks of life.This is a sustainable development road of energy mode reform initiated by the automobile industry.Promoting the large-scale application of light new energy trucks and electric logistics vehicles in urban distribution systems will not only help urban management to practice the green concept with coordinated and sustainable development,but also help logistics enterprises to upgrade their technologies and increase efficiency at lower cost.Based on this development background,this paper adds electric logistics vehicles as the new element to expand and study the vehicle routing problem.This paper joined the time constraints on the basis of the classical vehicle routing problem model.The traditional hard time window is too rigid to profit more,while the soft time window requires lower but cause the loss of customer satisfaction which leads to customer loss.In view of these analyzes,this paper study the electric vehicle routing problem under the constraint of flexible time window.The research done in this paper as below:(1)The energy consumption rule of electric logistics vehicles was studied aiming at the problem of fast energy consumption and low driving range of electric logistics vehicles on the road.In view of the situation that the driving condition changes are often ignored in previous studies,the energy consumption model of electric logistics vehicle considering start-braking is proposed.Moreover,the model is built into the established EVRPFlexTW model to serve as quantitative basis of the charging cost and power constraint.(2)An electric vehicle routing model with flexible time window(EVRPFlexTW)was established with the lowest total distribution cost as the objective function.The total cost of distribution includes fixed cost,driving cost,charging cost and penalty cost.The load quality,time window and power constraint conditions related to charging behavior are refined.An ant colony algorithm was designed to obtain the optimal distribution route and charging plan.(3)An example results verify the effectiveness of the model and algorithm.Through the setting of the comparison experiment of different driving speed and different on-road load quality,to explore the law of the pure electric logistics vehicle energy consumption with different factors.The results show that: the energy consumption of electric logistics vehicle is proportional to the square of the speed and the on-road load quality.By setting different driving speeds and different combinations of flexible time window coefficients,the influence on the solution results of EVRPFlexTW model was explored.The research found that although the flexible time window constraint cost more driving distance and power consumption,the total distribution cost was reduced.The results of this paper provide a decision reference for urban distribution enterprises to promote the application of electric logistics vehicles and reduce costs and increase efficiency.