An Indicator Pool For Assessing Recreational Services

Recreation service is a complex and important ecosystem service,and it is the leisure pleasure that people get from the landscape.In the past two decades,the unprecedented diversification,diversification and mixing of outdoor recreational activities have not only increased the demand for recreational services,but also diversified the supply of recreational services.It is an important strategy to guide the sustainable development of a region to systematically evaluate regional recreational services and apply them to the decision-making of land use.Compared with other categories of ecosystem services,recreation services are rarely evaluated and are considered to be one of the most difficult and imperfect tasks in the study of ecosystem services.Inadequate assessment of recreation services can lead to deviations in ecosystem assessment and landscape planning,thus hindering the incorporation of conservation policies and threatening the establishment of meaningful links between society and nature.Based on the above background,this paper aims to answer the following questions :(1)based on the existing research,how are the recreational service evaluation indicators used?(2)how to build the indicator system and measurement method system by combining the ecological resource situation and management status of the research area?This article is based on academic database retrieval to the existing literature,the recreation service evaluation index were summarized,obtain a list of recreation service evaluation indicators,and in the framework of service flow delivery steps,constructed the suitable for recreation structured index in the process of overall planning of library,finally through a case study to verify its practicability in landscape and urban planning.The conclusions are as follows:1)cognitive diversity exists in recreational services,with a gradient from potential to use.In this study,it was defined as a cascade model of recreation services and based on this,relevant indicators were divided into four categories: recreation potential,recreation demand,recreation accessibility and recreation use.2)there is a big difference in the number of indicators in the recreation service cascade.The existing research indicators are more focused on the recreation potential,and there are few related studies and indicators on recreation demand,recreation use and recreation accessibility.The study found that about two-thirds of the 213 indicators were used to assess the potential of recreation service supply.Only 8 per cent of leisure services are related to demand,particularly information that matches supply.This indicates that the current assessment of recreation services lacks an understanding of the composition of recreation resources,the links between services and benefits.For recreation service supply potential of the study,95 indicators(65%)is the uniqueness of recreation resources evaluation,evaluation perspective is more,index is more dispersed,it shows that even for recreation service supply to evaluate potential,also easy to assess or categories(such as reserves or water space recognition).3)there are many recreation service indicators with low repeatability.Different studies are constantly proposing new indicators and indicator measures.Crossregional comparison and translocation of recreation service indicators have not been effectively considered and implemented.4)with the research objectives,transferability and measurability as the selection criteria,the structured indicator library established by this research can be used in practice.Indicator pools provide a broad set of indicators for the evaluation of recreational services,and service flows can provide structure for recreational indicator analysis and raise awareness of the links between ecosystems and human well-being.This common structured indicator library provides an overview of available metrics and supports the identification of appropriate indicator selection and mapping methods,making it an appropriate tool to support recreation service evaluation.Integrate recreation service evaluation into landscape and urban planning so as to effectively balance other services and promote regional sustainable development while strengthening recreation development.