Influence Of Scene Complexity Perception On Risk-taking Behavior Of The Public During Urban Building Fires

With the acceleration of urbanization in China,the urban operation system is becoming more and more complex,and the risk of urban safety is increasing.Fire is one of the major urban security risks that threaten the safety of urban residents and hinder the coordinated development of society.Therefore,it is urgent to prevent and resolve the risk of urban fire and strengthen the work of urban fire safety.However,due to the obvious increase in fire factors,the probability of fire and the difficulty of prevention and control increase accordingly.It is particularly difficult to completely prevent the risk of urban fires.Therefore,in order to avoid or reduce the possible losses and casualties caused by urban fire risk at current stage,it is necessary to strengthen the management of urban fire safety and constantly improve the social fire protection work pattern.It is also necessary to be people-oriented and guide the public to develop correct fire response behaviors to cope with potential urban fire risks.The dynamic of building fire and the complexity of escape environment make the fire have different scene characteristics.In the face of complex situations,people often have difficulty in understanding fire scenes.People show preferred attention and give priority to some specific features to produce perception of different complexity of scenes.However,lack of optimization of the existing building structure and layout increases the individual's perception of complexity of building scene.The random layout of fire drills makes it difficult for the public to deal with complex fire scenarios effectively once a fire occurs,resulting in serious economic losses and casualties caused by perception and behavior deviation,affecting the safety and development of the city.However,complexity perception affects individual's risk-taking behavior in crisis scenarios such as fires remains poorly studied.Firstly,this research clarfied concepts of fire scene,scene complexity perception,crisis perception and risk-taking behavior through literature review,and introduced situational context theory and scene perception theory.This paper also summarized the influencing factors and research methods of risk-taking behavior and human behaviors in fire.Based on the literature review,this research put forward the hypothesis that scene complexity perception has a positive impact on fire risk-taking behavior,and that crisis perception and panic arousal play a positive mediating role in the relationship between scene complexity perception and fire risk-taking behavior.Then a chain-mediator research model of complexity perception on the fire risk-taking behavior were constructed,and the method of hypothesis testing is introduced.Through literature review of fire accidents and interviews with fire experts,fire risk behaviors in the study were determined.Based on the research model,fire scenarios with different complexity were developed according to text situation model and scenario perception theory,and the stimulus effect of fire scenario complexity was tested by questionnaire survey,independent sample T test and Anova analysis.According to the theoretical model and research hypothesis,the pre-experiment questionnaire of fire risk-taking behavior of public under different complexity levels of scenario was designed,and the revised questionnaire was adjusted according to the presurvey results to produce a formal experiment questionnaire stimuled by text and picture.A total of 641 text stimulus questionnaires and 599 picture stimulus questionnaires were collected.442 valid text stimulus questionnaires and 435 picture stimulus questionnaires were selected.SPSS software was used to conduct descriptive statistical analysis,independent sample T test,and Anova analysis.Chain mediation effect test and partial regression mediation path analysis were carried out through the Process plug-in developed by Hayes to test the relevant hypothesis.And the research results between the text fire scene priming and the picture scene priming were compared.The results show that:(1)Scene complexity perception positively affects individuals' fire risk-taking behavior in both text and picture stimulus fire scenes.Without controlling crisis perception and panic arousal,scene complexity perception has a positive and main impact on fire risk-taking behavior.Under the control of crisis perception and panic arousal,scene complexity perception has a positive and indirect impact on fire risk-taking behavior.(2)Crisis perception and panic arousal play an incompletely mediating role in the impact of scene complexity perception on fire risk-taking behavior.Scene complexity perception positively affects crisis perception,while crisis perception positively affects panic arousal and panic arousal positively affects fire risk-taking behavior.Finally,from the perspective of the urban fire safety prevention and control,combined with the results of empirical research,this research puts forward "carrying out multi-form fire safety propaganda and education,strengthening people's ability to deal with scene complexity","carrying out regular multi-scene fire drills,strengthening fire risk response behavior warning"," performance-based fire protection design and peopleorientation for reducing complexity of building scenes".This study can provide reference for the situation construction of behavior decision-making research,and interdisciplinary research methods of public administration combined with psychology and linguistics.It can deepen the understanding of risk-taking behavior in the emergency or crisis situations.This study can also provide a reference for the local government to optimize the fire safety education,develop emergency plans in different scenarios,guide and carry out various forms of fire drill,and improve the refined management of the fire department after the reform of the department.