Study On The Division And Institutional Change Of Egineering Disciplines From 1949 To 1966

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China,engineering education has relied on application-oriented majors to train a large number of engineering talents for socialist construction.The period from 1949 to 1966 was the initial exploration and foundational stage of engineering education.In these 17 years,engineering education has distinct political and planning characteristics,completed the important task of transforming from learning from the Soviet union to independently exploring the development mode of engineering education,which has laid the basic pattern of modern engineering education in my country.In this paper,I use historical research,institutional analysis and case study,takes the Marxist theory of institutional change as the analytical framework,analyses the changing process of the division and establishment of engineering disciplines from 1949 to1966.With the adjustment of the subject catalogue as the core,from the perspective of changing dynamics,changing paths and changing strategies.The management of subject catalogue is the external manifestation of the government's unified planning of talent cultivation in colleges and universities by expropriating academic power,which is closely related to the social division of labor and has distinct social,political and historical characteristics.Based on the analysis of the dynamics,paths and strategies of the institutional change of the division and establishment of engineering disciplines from 1949 to 1966,the research holds that the institutional change of the division and establishment of engineering disciplines is a gradual reform process,basically followed by the specific social and historical development stage under the mandatory force of the government.To view history from the perspective of history is the most basic respect for history,and it is an important strategic choice to examine the process of engineering construction in the first17 years with a cautious attitude to span the construction of engineering system "kaftin gorge".The analysis of the institutional change of the 17 years of division and establishment of engineering discipline,giving us an important enlightenment tounderstand and predict the institutional change of discipline.The promotion of socialist modernization is the fundamental driving force for the change of discipline division and institution setting.A new round of industrial revolution and scientific and technological revolution is coming fast.Engineering,as an important part of building a strong country in engineering education,has changed from "public interest" to "common interest" and multi-agent participation has become an important consideration for the reform of discipline system.