Study On The Mechanical And Electrical Contact Characteristics Of The Spring Contact

The spring contact is a new type of electrical connector with canted coil springs as the core component which is widely used in various high,medium and low voltage electrical connection equipment.Among them,the insertion force and the contact resistance arc impertant mechanical and electrical parameters that guide the design of the spring contact,which directly affects the service life and electrical performance of the connector.This article takes the spring contact as the research object,analyzes its insertion force and e characteristics of contact resistance,mainly including the following research contents:(1)Simulation calculation of the contact characteristics during the insertion of the spring contact.The finite element model of the insertion process of the spring contact was established using finite element software,the deformation characteristics of the canted spring that were difficult to find in practical applications and the contact characteristics between the canted spring and the V-shaped groove of the contact base that were difficualt to measure in the experiment were analyzed,The changes of contact pressure,insertion force and stress between the spring and the mating part under different compression were also analyzed.Finally,the influence of pin guide end structure,V-shaped grove angle and spring geometric parameters on contact characteristics were obtained.(2)Establish a fractal contact resistance model suitable for the spring contact.Based on the fractal theory and the electrical contact theory,a fractal contact resistance model considering the elastic and plastic deformation of the rough surface was established,which was used to calculate the contact resistance of the spring contact.The resistance tester was used to measure the tiny contact resistance of the spring contact different compression based on the Kelvin four-wire connection method,which verified the accuracy of the theoretical calculation results.(3)Electro-thermal coupling simulation calculation of the spring contact.At present,in the electro-thermal simulation analysis of the spring contact,the model has changed a lot and the electrical contact is difficult to establish.For this,a new finite element model has been established.The numerical solution of the contact resistance is obtained,and the electrical characteristics such as the steady-state and transient heat distribution and current density of the spring contact under normal load and short-circuit current are also obtained.At the same time,the heating power of each spring of the parallel spring contact under direct current is analyzed.Finally,with the help of the App developer in the COMSOL Multiphysics,a customized analysis interface was created for the spring contact.