A Study On The Basic Problems Of All-metal Multi-pin "Lightning Eliminator"

Lightning strike is a common natural disaster in nature,which causes a lots of economic losses and casualties every year.Lightning protection has been a hot issue in many fields such as power system,aerospace and construction.Today,most of the world's various building facilities are still using lightning rods and other traditional equipment to prevent lightning,using lightning rods to protect against direct lightning practice has proved to be economical and effective,but lightning rods can not protect against induced lightning overvoltage,will cause damage to electronic equipment.In order to solve the lightning protection exist the problem of small and induced overvoltage protection range,the scene started trying to adopt a non-traditional "lightning elimination" of the principle of lightning protection for lightning protection,but "lightning elimination" running mechanism is reasonable,could be used in the field of lightning has been controversial,this article is about the basis of full metal needle "lightning elimination" more research,the purpose is to through the study of these problems,further deepen their awareness of "lightning" elimination technique,provide certain theoretical material for the technical dispute.One of the controversies about the operation mechanism of all-metal multi-pin "lightning eliminator" is whether the neutralizing charge released by the "lightning eliminator" can effectively neutralize the electric charge of the thunder cloud,so that the thunder cloud does not produce downward ground flash.Aiming at this problem,this paper analyzes whether the neutralizing charge can effectively neutralize the charge of the thunder cloud from four aspects: the spatial electric field distribution between thunder cloud and ground,the influence of space charge on the tip electric field,the movement of positive ions and the influence of transverse wind on the migration process of neutralizing particles.In order to calculate the distribution of electric field between thundercloud and ground conditions,using COMSOL Multiphysics software to establish three polarity thundercloud model,at the same time,using Matlab software to establish the mirror model with the comparison of obtained from the ground to thunder clouds,the distribution of electric field increases gradually,the spatial electric field value between thunder cloud and ground increased by an order of magnitude compared with the sunny electric field,and analyze the electrostatic field of thunder clouds layer height on space,and negatively correlated with the ground electric field effect.In order to calculate lightning tower top part of the electric field distribution,on the basis of three polar thundercloud model using equivalent potential surface instead of thunder clouds of spire field intensity,the influence of using charge simulation method and the alignment of at the same time,get the spires of field strength up to 107 v/m level,and by changing the height of lightning tower top,it is concluded that with the increase of the height of the spire electric field is increased,and the magnitude of the electric field change also will increase.The influence of space charge on discharge was simulated by the electric-particle field interaction module of COMSOL Multiphysics software,and the average discharge time interval of positive ions was obtained.The charged particle tracking module is used to simulate the movement of positive ions in the ionized head of ground metal protrusions under the spatial electric field.Considering the collision between positive ions and neutral particles,the average velocity of positive ions in the ionized area and the single discharge charge are obtained.By establishing the relation between the mobility of positive ions and the altitude,the average velocity of positive ions in the migration zone can be obtained.In the process of particle migration,the effects of transverse wind at different wind levels were added,and the charge transfer efficiency at different wind levels was obtained."Lightning elimination" model is set up finally,found by calculation when the cloud base height is less than 1 km and no lateral wind,the wind more than full metal needle "lightning elimination" can effectively neutralize negative polarity thundercloud power,won't produce downward lightning,but in the cloud base height is greater than 1 km and horizontal wind,all metal needle "lightning elimination" not more effective and thunder clouds the role of power,considering the effect of use "lightning elimination" close to natural conditions,and at the same time effective use conditions are harsh,is not recommended that all metal needle "lightning elimination" in the field use.