Two-way Fluid-solid Interaction Dynamics Of Passenger Car Water Tank Analysis And Structural Optimization

The railway passenger car water tank is an indispensable water storage device on the passenger car.It has the advantages of large capacity,good strength and small space occupied.After China's railway train industry has greatly increased its speed,the acceleration and braking operations will often be carried out during the train operation.The impact and sloshing of the water body inside the water tank of the passenger car also become increasingly prominent,so that the impact load on the wall of the water tank also becomes larger.Therefore,it is very important to study the influence of liquid sloshing in the water tank on the structure of the water tank,which is of great significance for ensuring the safety of train transportation.At the same time,optimizing the aperture of the water tank anti-wave plate and the thickness of the box body plays an important role in properly distributing the water tank stress and reducing the weight of the water tank.This thesis takes the railway passenger car elliptical water tank as the research object.Based on the theory of finite element and bidirectional fluid-solid coupling,the impact strength analysis of the water tank was carried out,and the aperture size and thickness of the water tank anti-wave plate were optimized.In this thesis firstly used SCDM software to combine the actual size of the water tank to establish the geometric parametric model of the tank structure and fluid.This paper firstly uses SCDM software to combine the actual size of the water tank to establish the geometric parametric model of the tank structure and fluid.Then,using the finite element analysis software ANSYS Workbench and using the two-way fluid-solid coupling method,according to the "GB/T 21563-2008 rail traffic locomotive equipment shock and vibration test" standard,continuous impact load is applied to the water tank in the longitudinal directions.The impact strength of the water tank with the water content of 30%,50% and 80% was analyzed respectively,and the impact of the impact stress of the water tank under the impact condition on the water tank structure was analyzed.The results show that the stress distribution and displacement distribution of the three water tanks are inconsistent,but the water content increases,the maximum stress and maximum displacement of the tank increase.In the longitudinal direction,the stress is mainly distributed at the horizontal and vertical wave-proof plate connection and the wave-proof plate and the outer plate,and the displacement is mainly distributed in the middle of the outer plate and the wave-proof plate.At the same time,the water tank was subjected to bidirectional fluid-structure coupling with impact prestress modal analysis.Through the study of the modal shape and natural frequency of the water tank under different water capacity,it was found that the water capacity has a small effect on the natural frequency of the water tank;The modal analysis of the empty water tank,one-way fluid-solid coupling water tank,and two-wayfluid-solid coupling water tank were performed,and the first six order natural frequencies and modal shapes under various operating conditions were obtained.The effect of frequency is also relatively small.Finally,based on the Workbench response surface optimization method,the optimal solution and optimal design coefficient of the wave plate aperture and the box thickness are obtained under the longitudinal impact conditions,so that the stress distribution of the box wall and wave plate is reasonable,and the overall weight of the water tank decreased by12.9%,achieving the purpose of lightweighting.