Study On Intelligent Fire Emergency Service Platform Based On BIM Technology

With the development of the economy,the progress of building technology and the trend of urbanization lead to the sharp increase of urban land use,resulting in the high-rise development of urban buildings.Once a fire occurs,it is easy to cause casualties and property losses.Moreover,the continuous emergence of super-large Spaces and super-high buildings further aggravates the difficulty of personnel evacuation and fire emergency rescue in case of fire and other emergencies.In order to respond to emergencies and reduce casualties in a timely manner,it is urgent to establish a smart fire emergency service platform,to achieve orderly command of personnel,and to effectively organize personnel evacuation and fire rescue.Building Information Modeling(BIM)not only provides accurate and immediate information,but also provides three-dimensional visualization to help users understand the fire scene,which can effectively solve the problem of the lack of accurate and immediate fire scene information in the intelligent fire emergency service platform.Therefore,BIM technology is gradually applied in the research of the intelligent fire emergency service platform.At present,there are some researches on BIM-based intelligent fire emergency service platform,but in emergency escape and rescue,these researches use BIM model to simulate fire spread and then realize visualization of fire rendering or use real-time location information for real-time path planning.At present,these researches lack the use of fire spread information to predict escape and rescue paths,and cannot avoid risks in advance according to the change of fire spread,which is easy to cause the problem of partial route detour.Moreover,these researches have a single form of visualization in the process of visual command,and it is difficult to realize viewpoint switching.Therefore,this paper user BIM technology to conduct rapid escape and rescue of the intelligent fire emergency service platform,as well as efficient command,which can solve the problems of partial route detour and visualization.In this thesis,the work done is as follows:(1)Design and implement the intelligent fire emergency service platform by analyzing the specific requirements of the intelligent fire emergency service platform.The core function module of the platform is fire emergency module,which mainly includes real-time information integration,fire spread simulation,fire emergency action module,among which the real-time information integration and fire spread simulation module provides data support for fire emergency action.Through escape navigation,rescue action and visual command module of fire emergency action,fast escape and rescue of a fire emergency and effective visual command can be realized.(2)In view of the lack of predictability and multi-person escape in the current evacuation process,a dynamic escape path planning method is designed using BIM.This method uses a BIM model for real-time information integration and fire spread simulation,and the Dijkstra algorithm is used to dynamically predict the escape path for single and multiple people escaping,and to predict and deal with the congestion of multiple people escaping.Finally,through the comparison of concrete examples,the method shortens the escape time.(3)Aiming at the lack of rescue path prediction and multi-point rescue in the current fire rescue process,a dynamic rescue path planning method is designed by using the BIM model.This method uses the BIM model to simulate fire spread and integrate information,and designs for single-point trapped and multi-point trapped rescue situations.In the case of single-point trapped rescue,when the rescue workers have not arrived at the fire scene,the optimal rescue entrance is predicted dynamically.When the rescue workers arrive at the fire scene,the best rescue path is predicted dynamically.The multi-point trapped rescue situation uses the task assignment mechanism,the reasonable allocation rescue task.Finally,the experimental comparison shows that this method avoids the problem of partial route detour and improves the efficiency of fire emergency rescue.(4)Aiming at the single problem of visualization in the current visualization command process,a 2D and 3D visualization linkage method is designed by utilizing the characteristics of BIM visualization.Aiming at Industry Foundation Classes(IFC),this method parses IFC files that store BIM information through unified ID and then realizes BIM model 2D and 3D visual linkage by combining unified ID mapping with central point coordinates.Specific examples are used to prove the effectiveness of this method.