The Benefit Evaluation Of Urban Public Transport From The Perspective Of Stakeholders

As China’s urbanization level continues to improve,urban traffic becomes more congested.Priority development of urban public transport can alleviate traffic congestion and the attendant environmental pollution,is an inevitable requirement to alleviate traffic congestion,promote the quality of life of the people and improve the basic level of public services of the government.And it is a strategic choice to build an environmentally friendly society.In recent years,the state has introduced relevant policies,vigorously support and develop urban public transport.However,compared with cities such as Tokyo and Singapore,the sharing rate of public transport in most cities is still inefficiency and the benefit of public transport is low.Under the dual status of public welfare and profitability,how to maintain the vitality of the public transport system,namely,to enhance the benefit of urban public transport,is a realistic problem to be solved.Therefore,to establish a set of benefit evaluation mechanism to analyze the specific situation of public transport service is the problem to be solved in this paper.Public transport is a quasi-public product,has the for-profit and public welfare.It involves three stakeholders,namely government,transport operators and the public.Different stakeholders have different focuses.If only from the perspective of one dimensional subject evaluation is difficult to achieve the ideal effect,consequently,this paper from the multi-dimensional perspective of public transport stakeholders,researches the evaluation of urban public transport benefits by combining qualitative and quantitative methods such as literature analysis,questionnaire survey and econometric model.The research content is mainly composed of two parts:(1)Evaluation of social benefits of urban public transport.In this paper,passenger satisfaction is selected as a quantitative index to measure the social benefits of urban public transport,and passenger satisfaction evaluation model and its influencing mechanism are explored from the perspective of passengers.Based on the characteristics of public transport services,this paper revises the European Customer Satisfaction Index,constructs the structural model and measurement model of passenger satisfaction model,and then uses partial least squares-structural equation model for empirical analysis.Results show that corporate image has a significant direct positive impact on perceived quality and perceived value,but has no significant direct impact on passenger satisfaction.Safety,convenience,reliability,comfort,economy and rapidity in perceived quality have significant positive effects on perceived value and passenger satisfaction,and perceived value has positive effects on satisfaction.According to this study,public transport enterprises can focus on convenience,safety and comfort when formulating satisfaction improvement strategies.(2)Evaluation of the comprehensive benefits of urban public transport.In this paper,comprehensive efficiency(including service,society and environment)is selected as a quantitative index to measure the comprehensive benefits of urban public transport.From the perspective of government,transport operators and social public,a public transport comprehensive efficiency evaluation model is constructed based on the two-stage network data envelopment analysis model.The panel data of 36 central cities from 2010 to 2015 were substituted into the model to solve the production efficiency,service efficiency and comprehensive efficiency.The results show that the efficiency of the production sub-process is not much different,but the service sub-process fluctuates greatly.In terms of comprehensive efficiency,the western region is more efficient than the central and eastern regions,while the super-large and megalopolis are less efficient than the medium-sized and large cities.The research perspective,research content and research method of this paper are the follow-up and exploration of public transport service evaluation,which can provide a theoretical basis for the public transport service evaluation theoretical system,and provide evaluation means for transport operators to improve service benefits.