Research On The Microclimate And Comfort Of The Garden In The Nursing Homes

As China’s aging process continues to accelerate,social pension is a general trend.At present,the indoor environment and infrastructure construction of the nursing homes tend to be perfect,and people have begun to pay attention to the positive impact of their garden on the physical and mental health of the elderly.At the same time,the rapid development of the city has brought about a deterioration of the urban climate,which poses a great threat to people’s health,especially the elderly are more sensitive to the harsh climate.Therefore,it is particularly important to create a garden micro-climate environment that is comfortable for the elderly.This paper collected and analyzed the data of the area,green space rate,leaf area index and garden temperature,humidity and light intensity of 8 nursing homes in the downtown area of Chengdu,Sichuan Province.The saliency,correlation and regression analysis were used to quantitatively summarize the microclimate status and problems of the nursing homes in Chengdu,and to explore the correlation between the green space characteristics and the microclimate parameters.At the same time,observed the activity rules of the elderly in the garden,and used the combination of thermal sensation voting ATSV and physiological equivalent temperature PET to summarize the microclimate comfort threshold of the nursing home garden in Chengdu area,and provided the basis for related research.The conclusions are as follows:There are significant differences in the microclimate of the nursing home gardens in different seasons and at different times,but the functional zones of the garden did not take into account the different needs of the elderly for regional microclimate.The green space of the nursing home garden had certain influence on the three microclimate parameters,and the specific performance was as follows: Increased temperature in spring,autumn,especially winter,lowered temperature in summer;Reduced humidity in spring,autumn,especially winter,increased humidity in summer;all seasons could weaken the light,and the summer weakening effect was the strongest.Regression analysis found that the thermal moderate threshold of Chengdu Nursing Home Garden is: spring PET≥16.9°C,summer PET≤30.8°C,autumn PET≥18.1°C,winter PET≥14.9°C.In general,spring and autumn were the seasons with the highest comfort for the elderly in the nursing home,followed by summer and winter,and the elderly were more tolerant of the hot environment than the cold.Correlation analysis found that the garden microclimate was affected by the nursing home area,green space rate and leaf area index to varying degrees.Area: The area is positively linearly related to the temperature difference in summer,and is related to the temperature difference and humidity difference curve in autumn and winter,and is related to the light intensity difference curve in spring and autumn.Greenland rate: The green rate is related to the summer temperature difference and the winter light intensity difference curve,and is negatively linearly related to the autumn humidity difference and positively linearly related to the summer light intensity difference.Leaf area index: The leaf area index is negatively linearly related to the temperature difference in winter;and is related to the humidity difference curve in autumn and winter;but it has no correlation with the light intensity difference.Because the garden had the worst comfort in winter,followed by summer,based on the consideration of raising the temperature and lighting conditions of autumn and winter,and reducing the temperature and humidity in summer,the following strategies were proposed for the renovation of the nursing home garden: 1)Control the area of the nursing home and adopt the layout of the building enclosure garden.When the nursing home garden covers an area of 18×103m2~24×103m2,the garden can obtain the best summer cooling and winter warming effect.It is also recommended to adopt the layout of the building enclosure garden and the layout of the building facing south and staggered.2)Improve the green rate of the nursing home garden and enrich the plant configuration level.When the green rate is about 40%~50%,the garden can get better cooling effect in summer.It is recommended to increase the space of the green space of the garden and enrich the types and levels of plants.3)Reduce the leaf area index of the autumn and winter seasons of the garden.The leaf area index of the garden in winter can be as small as possible to obtain better temperature and humidity reduction effects.4)Adjust the space unit of the nursing home garden to meet the needs of different microclimates.It is recommended to replace some of the evergreen trees in the resting area and the atrium area with native deciduous trees and add some small water features.It is recommended to use a combination of tall deciduous trees + ground cover in the sports area,and at the border of the sidewalk,small trees + shrubs + ground are enclosed to form a small-scale space.In order to obtain better summer cooling and ventilation,winter lighting and insulation,and improve the utilization rate of the garden.