Research On Rail Surface Defect Detection And Data Transmission Technology

As the main component of the wheel-rail contact,the rail bears all the pressure of the vehicle load and the weight of the car body.During the operation of train vehicles,regardless of the type of track line,the contact status of the wheel and rail is closely related to the safety and quality of the road,especially the sections that are more interfered by environmental factors,and the incidence of wear and abnormal damage of the rail is higher.Operational conditions are susceptible,and it is therefore important to enhance the detection of rail surface defects.Based on the comparison of steel surface defect detection and data transmission technology in recent years,it is found that although domestic and foreign scholars have developed a series of rail surface condition detection equipment based on various modal detection technologies,most of them still stay in the laboratory research stage and have not been put into the field.Application,the current manual inspection is still an important way to detect the status of the rail.The reason is mainly due to the high requirements of these detection technologies for the detection equipment hardware and the mounted vehicles.Aiming at this problem,this paper proposes a method for detecting surface defects of rails based on GPRS wireless transmission and image processing technology and develops a simple and portable software system for detecting surface defects of rails.The rail surface defect detection system designed in this paper consists of two parts: image acquisition,transmission,processing hardware system and image processing and analysis software system.The hardware system is built by comparing the selected STM32 MCU,camera module,GPRS wireless transmission module,workstation and other hardware devices,and then used to complete the collection,transmission and storage of the rail surface image data in different scenarios.In the Windows system,based on the matlab GUI platform,the design of the rail surface defect detection software system including the acquisition image preprocessing,feature region extraction,defect detection and evaluation,parameter analysis storage and other functional modules is completed.In order to verify the accuracy and stability of the rail surface defect detection system designed in this paper,this paper collects a large number of image data through the ballast track in the railway engineering training center training ground and the Shijiazhuang vehicle section of the Beijing Railway Bureau.Corresponding analysis of the manual detection results of the rail position proves that the principle of the detection method is feasible,the detection accuracy and detection stability are good,and it is easy to carry and easy to carry,and has certain application value.