| Mountain park,as the most representative green space of city,is a characteristic natural barrier and green oxygen bar of mountainous city.Its plant landscape is an organic part of the urban landscape,and plays a certain role in improving the ecological environment of the city.However,there are few systematic studies on plant landscape evaluation and construction of mountain parks.In this paper,72 typical plant communities in Guiyang Mountain Park(Qianling Mountain Park,Huaxi Park,Gaoyun Mountain Forest Park)are studied.The evaluation system of plant landscape suitability in mountain park was constructed by content analysis and Delphi method.The principal component analysis was used to evaluate 72 sample plots.The findings are as follows:(1)there are 226 species belonging to 96 families and 200 genera in 72 plant communities in Guiyang Mountain Park,including 70 species of trees,54 species of shrubs,102 species of herbs.There are 124 species of plants in Qianling Mountain Park,belonging to 64 families and 114 genera,with the largest number of species.There are 109 species of plants belonging to 98 genera and 62 families in Tiangyunshan Forest Park,followed by the number of species.There are 87 species of plants in Huaxi Park,belonging to 51 families and 77 genera,and the number of species is low.(2)the total species of Arbor in mountain park is larger than that of shrub,and the distribution of Arbor-shrub ratio is not uniform in 72 investigated plots,and the undergrowth plant landscape is relatively monotonous.In the plant community configuration,mainly deciduous trees and evergreen shrubs,evergreen trees and deciduous shrubs species diversity is low.In the source of plants,native plant application species are more abundant,among which there are more native tree application species,and the proportion of native shrub application species is low.The variation trend of diversity index of the same community in mountain park is similar,and the diversity index is low.(3)The main plant used in mountain park is flower plant,the leaf plant is auxiliary,and the dry plant is the least.The seasonal change of plant landscape is mainly spring and autumn,summer is auxiliary,winter is thin,spring is the main,summer is summer,autumn is autumn,and autumn is the supplementary,and the plant landscape is thin in winter,spring is the main plant,summer is the main,autumn is the main,and autumn is the supplementary,and the plant landscape is thin in winter.There are only winter flower plants in winter,and there are few other kinds of plants.There are many species of green,white,red and pink in mountain park,less of purple and yellow,and single of other color plants.(4)The principal component analysis method was used to evaluate the landscape suitability of 72 sample plots.The results showed that there were 39 plant communities in the suitable range,accounting for 54.17% of the total number of evaluation units,and the results of the evaluation showed that there were 39 plant communities in the suitable range of 72 plots,which accounted for 54.17% of the total evaluation units.There were 33 plant communities out of the suitable range,accounting for 45.83% of the total number of evaluation units.The overall landscape suitability of plant communities in waterfront wetland is better,and the overall suitability of plant communities in mountain and flat land needs to be improved.The landscape suitability of tree-irrigation-grass type plant community is generally better than that of shrub-grass and lawn sparse forest community.(5)A total of 38 tree-irrigation-grass-type plant landscape units were investigated and evaluated in mountain parks,of which 27 were within the appropriate range,accounting for 71.05% of the total number of tree-irrigation-grass-type plant communities.The landscape of the plant community with the ratio of species to shrub and the number of trees and shrubs between 0 and 2 was better than that of the other.There are 19 communities with evergreen plants and all deciduous plants,and there are 15 sample plots in the landscape unit which are not suitable for the landscape,accounting for 78.95% of the total.It shows that the proper allocation of evergreen plants and deciduous plants is especially important in the construction of mountain park plant landscape.(6)The sequence of plant landscape suitability of three mountain parks is Qianling Mountain Park,Hua Xi Park and Gaoyun Mountain Forest Park.The overall plant landscape quality of Qianling Mountain Park is more balanced,and the plant landscape quality of climbing Gaoyun Mountain Forest Park falls greatly.The comprehensive analysis shows that the mountain flora is better at the ecological suitability level,so it is more necessary to improve the landscape suitability and social suitability in addition to retaining its good ecological attributes.The typical plant landscape of plain,mountainous and waterfront wetlands is analyzed,and the landscape characteristics and configuration patterns are summarized,which provides a reference for improving the construction level of plant landscape in mountain parks.(7)By analyzing the results of plant landscape investigation and landscape suitability evaluation in mountain park,this paper summarizes the existing problems of plant landscape in mountain park,and puts forward five construction strategies of plant landscape in mountain park.In order to guide the mountain park plant landscape construction and management work. |
