The Investigation And Research Of Waterfront Recreational Space In Shenyang Based On “Landscape Ternary Theory”

The ecological condition of rivers in major cities has been greatly improved by the acceleration of construction in ecological civilization since the 18 th CPC National Congress.As a result,urban waterfront recreational space has been favored by more and more tourists,and become an important place for people to get close to nature and purify their souls.The core section of Hunhe River and the north section of Puhe River,as representative areas of waterfront recreational space in Shenyang,have attracted a great deal of citizens.However,with the passage of time,the existing space has been unable to meet the growing spiritual needs of people for the appearance of problems such as obsolete spacial facilities and inadequate landscape innovation.Therefore,it's a problem that needs to be solved by us to investigate and study the existing waterfront recreational space in Shenyang,find out the problems and improve them,and build a suitable waterfront recreational space with citizens' satisfactory and excellent ecology.This paper,taking the core of Hunhe River and Puhe River in the northern part of Shenyang as research object,then 37 sample spaces were screened according to space and revetment types?25 in the core of Hunhe River and the other 12 in north Shenyang region of Puhe River?.By field investigation and data collection,the paper evaluates and analysis 37 samples.The main processes and conclusions are as follows:?1?This paper,taking modern landscape planning and design Ternary Theory that developed by Professor Liu Binyi as theoretical basis,presents that the three attributes of waterfront recreational space are landscape,ecology and function.Then the paper constructs the evaluation index system of urban waterfront recreational space with calculating the weight of each index by AHP and expert assignment which takes the comprehensiveness of waterfront recreational space as the target layer,landscape,ecology and function as the criteria layer and 15 evaluation indexes are screened out by expert consultation and user interviews.The result shows the comprehensive impact on waterfront recreational space is: ecology?0.3841?> function?0.3266?> landscape?0.2894?.?2?By observing and studying the relationship between visitors and water position,the recreational space of waterfront can be divided into four types: hydrophilic space,near-water space,adjacent water space and water-separated space.The spatial data of ecological and functional indicators are collected by means of water transparency determination with Saishi disc and user interviews during the research process,and landscape data is collected through evaluating on photos.Taking the landscape of waterfront space as the x-axis,the ecology as the Y-axis and the function as the z-axis,this paper establishes matrix evaluation method to evaluate the present situation of sample space.The average evaluation results of the recreational space of Shenyang waterfront are as follows: landscape is acceptable?x=3.53?,ecology is acceptable?y=4.21?,functionality is unacceptable?z=3.26?.The average evaluation results of Hunhe River are as follows: landscape is acceptable?x=3.53?,ecology is acceptable?y=4.29?,functionality is unacceptable?z=3.27?.The average evaluation results of Puhe River are as follows: landscape is acceptable?x=3.52?,ecology is acceptable?y=4.05?,functionality is unacceptable?z=3.22?.According to the problems discovered in matrix evaluation,suggestions are put forward on spatial optimization of improving hygienic environment management,improving infrastructures,setting up local perspective lines and improving plant landscape quality.?3?Through the evaluation and analysis on sample data by AHP and SBE,the result shows that: the maximum YAHP value of Shenyang waterfront recreational space is 4.203 by AHP comprehensive evaluation method,and the minimum YAHP value is 2.885.There were 10 excellent samples with YAHP values ranging from 4 to 5,27% of the total samples.There were 25 samples with YAHP values ranging from 3 to 4,67.5% of the total samples.Two samples with YAHP value less than 3,5.5% of the total samples.The result indicates that the comprehensive level of the existing recreational space of Shenyang waterfront is on the upper middle level.The maximum YSBE of Shenyang waterfront recreational space is 0.79 by SBE evaluation method and the minimum value is-0.94,among which 22 are positive,taking 60% of the total number of samples and 15 are negative,taking 40% of the total number of samples.It proves that the recreational space of Shenyang's waterfront is still on the upper middle level in the visual-oriented scenic evaluation.Through the comparative analysis on the evaluation results of the two methods,this paper finds six excellent sample spaces that include four spatial types: polygonal line space with strong sense of design,open lawn space adjacent to water,adjacent water building space and adjacent water square space whose side is wooden trestle.?4?Through regression analysis on the results of AHP comprehensive evaluation method and SBE evaluation method,taking YSBE as dependent variable and specific indicators in the AHP evaluation method as independent variables,the result of the regression equation between YSBE and evaluation index is as follows:Y_SBE=-3.297+12.044C14+2.054C6+2.071C12+0.961C13+5.477C4It shows that the influential factors in visual evaluation of waterfront recreational space are in turn: spatial diversity?C14?,revetment creativity?C4?,water transparency?C6?,spatial comfort?C12?and spatial security?C13?.For the future construction and transformation of waterfront recreational space,attention should be paid for the design of spatial diversity in order to meet the public's psychological needs.