Experimental Study On Hot-switching Characteristics Of Blade And Receptacle Pair In Connector

As the most basic electromechanical component,electrical connector plays an indispensable role in the field of electrical and electronic engineering.Due to the functional requirements of modular electromechanical systems such as national defense,banking,high-speed trains,network services,connectors with hot-swapping capability have become the focus and difficulty in the new era.In this paper,the degradation process and physical mechanism of mechanical and hot-swapping characteristics of contactors are systematically studied by a test equipment for hot-swapping characteristics on blade and receptacle of connectors and taking flat connectors as an example.Firstly,a novel test equipment for hot-swapping characteristics on blade and receptacle of connectors is developed.The adjustment of mechanical parameters is realized by three-dimensional adjusting mechanism;the simulation of the insertion and withdrawal process is realized by electric slide;the dynamic measurement of the insertion-extraction force and electrical parameters is realized by signal conditioning circuit.The deformation of the receptacle is measured by the laser displacement sensor,and the morphology of the blade is measured by the industrial camera.The development of the host computer that is based on G language is designed by the LabVIEW.It can calculate,display and store sensitive parameters such as arc energy,arc time,contact resistance and insertion-extraction force in the insertion and withdrawal process.Secondly,the typical waveforms of insertion-extraction force,contact resistance and the elastic deformation of the receptacle during the single insertion and withdrawal process of the contactors are analyzed theoretically,and the mathematical model of the insertion-extraction characteristics is established.The relationships between insertion-extraction characteristics and insertion-extraction speed as well as vertical offset are studied.The degradation process of insertion-extraction force and contact resistance was analyzed by mechanical insertion experiments of contactors,and the degradation mechanism of insulation and metal part insertion-extraction force was emphatically analyzed.Finally,the hot-swapping characteristics of contactors are studied.Combining with the dynamic waveforms of current,voltage and insertion-extraction force in the insertion and withdrawal process,the arcing mechanism is determined.The similarities and differences of arc during insertion and withdrawal process under different electric loads were studied.According to the above research,the durability of hot-swapping contactors was tested.The insertion-extraction force,arc energy,arc time and contact resistance was analyzed to determine the failure mechanism.This study can provide experimental means for the optimization and improvement of electrical contact performance of connectors,and also has practical value for the structural optimization and contact failure analysis of power connectors.