Research On Winter And Spring Physical Activity And Spatial Distribution In Harbin City Parks Based On UAV Observations

Urban parks have various environmental,economic and social benefits.As a place with high accessibility in neighborhoods and free of charge,they are a space carrier for more frequent physical activities of citizens.The spatial characteristics of urban parks affect the type,frequency and intensity of physical activity of users.Therefore,further understanding of physical activity and space use in urban parks is of great practical value to enrich and improve the service system of physical activity.Firstly,the basic research theories are thoroughly understood in combination with environmental cognitive theory,social ecological theory,physical activity behavior theory and environmental behavior research method.Meanwhile,methods and techniques such as research data sources,data observation and collection methods,supplementary questionnaires and research data processing are determined.Secondly,the observation program based on UAV technology and data collection and processing of physical activity attributes,spatial position and spatial characteristics of the sample park were developed.Four typical urban parks in Harbin,zhaolin park,daixiuhu park,Stalin park and guli park were studied.In terms of observation time,a total of 14 clear days without rain or snow in the early winter season with outstanding physical activity characteristics(November 25-december 2,2017)and the spring of transition season(April 16-april 22,2018)were selected.The data of physical activity in the parks are collected in six time periods(7:00-7:30,8:00-9:00-10:30,13:00-13:30,14:30-15:00,16:00-16:30)every day,and the data of spatial characteristics of the parks are collected on December 3,4,23 and 24.In the aspect of physical activity data collection,based on the SOPARC(physical activity observation system)observation framework,the number,sex,age,type and intensity of physical activity were observed using UAV technology.In terms of orthophoto data collection in the sample park,with the help of Agisoft Photo Scan uav mapping image processing software,the orthophoto images of the sample park with high overlapping degree and high spatial resolution were obtained.Then the spatial characteristics of the park such as vegetation,water and site distribution are obtained.In terms of the collection and analysis of physical activity spatial position data,the spatial position data is obtained by virtue of the existing research "uav video data positioning processing system".Based on the target positioning technology combined with GPS/INS,the collinear conditional equation of photogrammetry is used to solve the geodetic coordinates of the corresponding points in the image.After getting the location data,combining the target point,the location data of the active subject,with the active subject property data obtained by using the SOPARC method.Using point density analysis of Arc GIS,the density analysis chart of physical activity points in the sample park was obtained.In terms of data processing and analysis,data cleaning,missing value processing,data standardization and data cleaning evaluation were conducted on the obtained data,and the data reliability of this study was confirmed through observer training,observation process and data processing observation data comparison.Finally,the characteristics of physical activity in winter and spring in Harbin city park were summarized,and the total sample characteristics,park type differences and activity time differences of physical activity in winter and spring were described and summarized.By analyzing the spatial distribution and cluster characteristics of physical activity in the sample park,the core density analysis in Arc GIS was used to classify the physical activity density,and the spatial cluster features of physical activity in four aspects,including individual attributes,time granularity,activity type and activity intensity,were obtained.The spatial influencing factors of the physical activity cluster area of the sample park were obtained through the questionnaire survey.The spatial influencing factors of the three-dimensional physical activity cluster area were discussed from four aspects,including the accessibility of the site,the open space of the site,the facilities of the site and the sunshine of the site.This study explored the relationship between the physical activity behavior and the spatial characteristics of the park from the superficial perspective,and conducted the study on the spatial distribution of physical activity and the influencing factors of the cluster area,aiming to deeply understand the physical activity and spatial distribution,and guide the construction and improvement of the physical activity space of the urban parks in cold regions of China.