Study On The Spatial Form Of Residential Area In Harbin Based On The Simulation Of Solar Radiation

Due to the influence of climatic factors,the outdoor environment conditions of residential areas in severe cold areas are poor in winter,and the residents are unable to carry out outdoor activities for a long time,thus causing damage to their physical and mental health,so it is imperative to improve the outdoor environment of residential areas in cold areas.In this paper,through the investigation and statistics of the existing residential areas in Harbin,a variety of residential space models are established,and the solar radiation of residential areas in severe cold areas are simulated by software.The corresponding graphic files and data files are obtained to compare the influence of the solar radiation distribution in different residential areas and the horizontal plane of pedestrian height,and to compare the effects of various spatial form factors on the spatial solar radiation environment.Therefore,the layout of residential areas suitable for the climatic characteristics in severe cold areas is summed up,which is of guiding significance for the design of existing residential areas in old urban areas and in newly built residential areas.A total of 116 residential areas in Harbin City are investigated,and the number of determinant in this paper,enclosed and mixed residential areas in multi-storey residential areas and high-rise residential areas in Harbin is counted.Using map interceptor to intercept Harbin city satellite map and city texture map on Amap,using 300 m × 300 m size cell on urban satellite map,selecting the plane figure of residential area,and analyzing the sample.Factors that may affect solar radiation distribution in residential areas.Three factors such as architectural layout form,building density and building orientation are extracted respectively to simulate and analyze the distribution of solar radiation in the horizontal plane of multi-storey residential area,and the architectural layout form is extracted,and the building height is simulated to the high-rise residential area in the same way.By establishing the ideal model of residential space form,the influence mechanism of each index on solar radiation in residential area is quantitatively analyzed under the condition of single index change.To establish a matrix of correlation analysis of residential area morphology and microclimate for pre-design prediction and post-use assessment.The design strategy of residential space form is summarized,which is beneficial to energy saving in summer and more solar radiation in winter.Through the simulation of various models,the environmental map of solar radiation and the scale diagram of solar radiation distribution in multi-layer residential and high-rise residential areas are obtained,and the distribution form and orientation have great influence on solar radiation.Because the solar height angle is larger in summer,the solar radiation is less affected by the building height,but by the direction of the sun,and the solar height angle is small in winter,so the solar radiation shielding from the building is more obvious.Deflection of the building at a certain angle is more conducive to solar radiation into the site.When the building density and volume ratio are the same,the wider the building surface is,that is,the greater the distance between the gables,the greater the amount of solar radiation received in the site,and the more favorable the solar radiation is in the staggered layout of the building.The small scale encircling form is higher than the mesoscale one,and the large scale encircling form is the lowest.