Study On The Landscape Characteristics And Formation Mechanism Of Beijing Siheyuan

Siheyuan is one of the most typical traditional dwelling forms in northern China and even in the whole country.At the same time,it is also one of the oldest architectural forms in China.Even from the earliest archaeological sites found in the Western Zhou Dynasty,it also spans more than 3000 years after B.C.It has almost gone through the whole process of civilization development in China.Ultimately,after the magnificent history,it is presented to the world with its distinctive characteristics and the elegance and calmness of highly organic combination with the external environment.The courtyard is not only a real building that we can see with the naked eye,but also a tenacious life of self-reform and survival in various drastic changes.Its characteristics are not the random addition of inventors,but the inherent logic of a whole system.Any one-sided description and evaluation can only be a glimpse of the leopard,so we must use it.Only in this way can we see the whole truth of history.Beijing courtyard is an important type of courtyard according to regional division.This type has many irreplaceable advantages for studying the landscape characteristics of courtyard.First of all,Beijing has a very long history,especially in the past 700 years.Most of the time Beijing existed as the capital of the whole country.Therefore,there are many kinds of events happening here,such as imperial examinations,appointment and removal of officials,economic and trade exchanges and people's migration,etc.Under this background,the landscape characteristics of the courtyard evolve continuously,and the influencing factors experienced are rich,which is as follows: Our study on the formation mechanism of the characteristics of the courtyard provides a wealth of samples for induction and summary.Secondly,the historical documents are very rich.As the best place in the country,it has always been the place where scholars and ink-writers concentrated.In their literary or painting works,they inadvertently revealed a large amount of historical information about the Beijing Siheyuan.In addition,the emperor's painters and historians would record a large number of such information.In the era of no photographic technology,these documents are all for the study of the Siheyuan.It's precious information.Thirdly,Beijing courtyard has its own system and complete development vein.From Yuan Dynasty to now,both physical sites and historical documents are relatively complete,from which we can clearly find that the courtyard between different ages has a very obvious inheritance relationship,which is very important for us to summarize the law.Fourthly,the unique feelings of Beijing courtyard.Thecourtyard in Beijing is not only a building model,but also represents a specific way of life and atmosphere.Together with Hutong culture,it constitutes a unique feeling of the old Beijing folk.From this point of view,the study of Beijing courtyard will enrich the meaning of the study,even to people.The planning thought of literary doctrine can also be used for reference.Throughout the whole evolution process of Beijing Siheyuan,it has roughly experienced three main periods: Yuan Dynasty,Ming and Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.These three periods are closely linked up and have their own characteristics of the times.Beijing quadrangle courtyard constantly responds to these characteristics in order to seek its own forward development.In this process,it develops its own landscape characteristics,which mainly focus on the construction land,layout,courtyard and building itself.Some of these characteristics have been inherited,some have changed their forms and continued to exist,and some have completely disappeared in history.This phenomenon of "change and change" seems unpredictable,but in fact,it is the formation mechanism of landscape characteristics that plays a role and is the projection of the era factors in the field of architecture.This formation mechanism is generated by the elements of social governance,cultural tradition,aesthetic interest,family structure and the needs of daily life.These elements are essentially based on social management and the masses to solve objective problems and achieve certain functions,rather than individual subjective paradoxical ideas.Perhaps this has happened in history.People and things,but this is by no means the mainstream is doomed to be eliminated by history.This research is a logical arrangement behind the landscape features of Beijing courtyard.It is a useful exploration to deepen the understanding of the typical residential landscape features.At the same time,as a large number of existing residential buildings in Beijing,Beijing courtyard is also an important component of Beijing's urban landscape.The research on the landscape characteristics and formation mechanism of Beijing courtyard is also in the process of developing Beijing courtyard landscape features.This paper explores a new way of planning for the characteristics of contemporary Chinese urban landscape,which is in a dilemma and confusion.Today's era has entered a new historical stage.In the long course of historical development,there are many new features,such as globalization,urbanization,information technology and the explosion of science and technology.These new conditions have injected momentum into the development of the world and caused the dilemma of convergence of the world's urban landscape.I hope this study can also provide new ideas and inspiration for designers engaged in the workrelated to the planning of urban landscape characteristics.