Design And Performance Study Of Radio-Voltaic/Radio-Photovoltaic Dual Effect Multi-Level Isotope Batteries Based On ⁶⁰Co ? Source

Isotope battery technology has important application significance in aerospace and deep space exploration.The low output and the radiation damage effect seriously restricts the practical application of isotope batteries.In view of the above problems,this work proposes a novel multi-level isotope battery based on ⁶⁰Co radioisotope source that can meet the requirements of space applications.Surrounding the material parameters,structural design,sample preparation and?irradiation damage effects of the batteries,series of research work has been carried out.1)The material and structure of the dual effect multi-level isotope battery were optimized.The theoretical calculation were carried out by MCNP5,Shockeley equation and Kubelka-Munk theory.The proportion of electrical output contribution caused by radio-photovoltaic and radio-voltaic was studied.The relationship between the thickness of the scintillator,the series and parallel connection of the volt layer and the performance of the batteries was investigated.The coupling relationship between different scintillators and volt layers was compared,and the optimal combination of“CsI scintillator+GaAs volt layer”was obtained.Using the PHITS program,the overall size of the dual effect multi-level struture was determined to be approximately 20 cm,and the the multi-level structure design was achieved on this scale.When the CsI scintillator thickness reached 2 cm and the volt layers of each level were connected in series,the battery can obtain the best maximum output power of 1.71 mW and internal conversion efficiency of 4.31%.2)The dual effect isotope battery based on“LYSO+GaAs”and“CsI+GaAs”were prepared,and the performance parameters were tested.The relationship between the thickness of the base region,the anti-reflection film and the dual effect in the GaAs volt layer was discussed separately.The results show that the thick base region with the anti-reflection film can obtain a superior dual effect response.The physical parameters such as transmittance,emission spectrum and relative photon yield of LYSO and CsI scintillators were analyzed.The results showed that the CsI scintillator has a high photon yield and the LYSO scintillator has a high transmittance.At the 0.103 kGy/h dose rate of ⁶⁰Co source,the optimized dual effect multi-level isotope battery obtained the I_sc of 1.69?A,the V_oc of 7.77 V,the P_maxax of 7.98?W and the?of 0.15%.The performance has been greatly improved.3)The radiation damage effect of the GaAs volt layer,LYSO and CsI scintillator materials of dual effect multi-level isotope battery in high-intensity?irradiation environment were studied.The results showed that the reason for the performance degradation of GaAs volt layer was mainly due to the introduction of defects in gamma ray irradiation,resulting in a decrease in carrier collection efficiency,while the GaAs depletion region width and built-in voltage only slightly changed.After 13.6 kGy?irradiation,the characteristic emission spectra of LYSO and CsI scintillators did not shift,but only caused a small decrease in relative photon yield.This is due to a decrease in transmittance of the color center effect,which causes a slight decrease in relative photon yield.This paper innovatively proposes a new type of radio-voltaic/radio-photovoltaic dual effect multi-level isotope battery based on ⁶⁰Co gamma source.This battery has achieved considerable electrical output and has the ability to directly supply low-power electronic devices,effectively driving the application of isotope batteries.