Study On The Spatial Pattern And Characteristics Of Rural Public Service Facilities Level In New Urban Area Of Wuhan City

In recent years,China has gradually attached importance to the development of rural areas,and has successively introduced policies such as beautiful rural construction,precise poverty alleviation policies,and rural revitalization to help rural areas improve poverty and backwardness.The importance of rural public service facilities as a carrier to measure the results of equalization of public services and rural revitalization is self-evident.Wuhan has a vast rural area,and most of the villages and towns are concentrated in the new urban areas far from the city center.In 2017,the rural population exceeded 2.3 million,the agricultural output value reached 70.127 billion yuan,and the cultivated land area accounted for more than 20%of the urban area.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the level of rural public service facilities in the new urban area of Wuhan for the equalization of public services,the construction of beautiful countryside and the overall revitalization of the countryside.In this paper,the new urban area of Wuhan is selected as the research area,and 1822 administrative villages are finally extracted by screening out urban built-up areas and community residents'committees.According to the POI data of Wuhan and the data of the geographic and national census,11 types of public service facilities were selected,including educational facilities,medical facilities,cultural and sports facilities,social welfare facilities,public toilets,water and electricity facilities,supermarket fairs,housing rental,catering,business finance,living service facilities,which were categorized as six categories of indicators:public education,health care,cultural and sports,pension services,infrastructure and market services,and 30 sub-categories of indicators are specifically established.The level of public service facilities in 1822 administrative villages in the new urban area was measured by a series of methods such as mean variance weight method and comprehensive index evaluation method,and the spatial distribution pattern was studied.In order to better guide the construction of beautiful countryside in Wuhan,the spatial autocorrelation,spatial trend analysis and scale effect analysis were used to study the spatial distribution characteristics of rural public service facilities in the new urban area and suggestions on improving rural public service system,allocating rural public service facilities at different levels,guaranteeing the supply of rural public service and rationally laying out the network of public service facilities were put forward.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)According to the current situation and spatial distribution of rural public service facilities,the agglomeration characteristics of various public service facilities in the new urban area are remarkable,and each new urban area has its own public service center.It mainly distributes in Qianchuan Street in the central part of Huangpi District,Zhucheng Street in the central part of Xinzhou District,Wujiashan Street in the eastern part of East-West Lake District,Caidian Street in the northern part of Caidian District,Shamao Street in the eastern part of Hannan District and Bridge New Area in the northern part of Jiangxia District.Therefore,it has radiation and driving effect on surrounding villages.(2)After evaluating the level of rural public service facilities by means of mean square deviation weight method,224 high-level villages were found,mainly in the eastern part of Caidian District,northern Jiangxia District and southern part of Huangpi District.There were 797 middle-level villages,mainly in the periphery of central urban area,Qianchuan Street in the central part of Huangpi District and Zhucheng Street in the central part of Xinzhou District.More than 50%of the low-level villages were located in the south of Jiangxia District and the junction of Xinzhou District and Huangpi District.It can be seen that the development level of most rural public service facilities is low and there is regional imbalance.(3)Through the study on the spatial pattern and characteristics of rural public service facilities level in new urban area,we find that there are significant spatial polarization phenomena,which are mainly manifested in the monotonous decline from the central urban area to the periphery,the higher level in the western area than in the northern and southern areas,and the positive correlation between the scale of rural grade and the level of rural public service facilities.Generally speaking,it is consistent with the "core-edge" effect of geography.The countryside around the central urban area and the built-up urban area still has incomparable location advantages.