Research On Investment Decision-making Of Electric Vehicle Charging And Discharging Station

Because of its low pollution and smaller energy consumption characteristic,Electric Vehicle(EV)is gradually occupying the automotive market.The special need for electricity energy of EV will give load configuration,line margin,power capacity some new challenges.With the development of EV and V2G(Vehicle to Grid),and the concept of aggregator management mode(Aggregator)is proposed,there will gradually be practicality and operability for EV transform between loads and power sources.And the function of demand response(DR)is similar.Due to the constrain of capacity,an EV is not competitive to more market services which excepts DR.Aggregator,a proxy of EVs,can gains more benefits by purposeful,planned,controllable strategies and participates in more markets.Hence,Aggregator is worth to be studied.Since it involves different subjects,the study will become more complex.Considering the inadequacies of current research,the work of this paper is as follows:(1)Introducing the modeling theory and simulation methods,including system dynamics theory,learning curve and discrete event system theory.And analyzing the variou stakeholders of electric vehicles,i.e.: grid companies,power generation companies,governments,Aggregator and EV,and the mutual influence between them.Then analyze the traditional profit model and the new operation mode of Aggregator operation charge and discharge station.(2)Studying the investment decision model of Aggregator.When Aggregator is an independent economic entity invested by third parties,it is determined by project’s internal return rate.The internal rate of Aggregator is depended on the cost and benefits of construction investment.This paper analyzes the factors about cost and benefit of EV charging-discharging stations;then calculates the benefits of EV access,including carbon emission reduction benefits and loss reduction values.This paper also proposes Aggregator investment decision model considering the evolution of distribution network.3)Based on IEEE 13 node distribution network system and established active distribution network long-term evolution model and Aggregator investment decision model,then using MATLAB,this paper simulates and analyzes the sensitivity of relevant factors affecting about the number and feasibility of the Aggregator investment charging-discharging piles.The simulation result shows that Aggregator investment is the most sensitive to charging service price and equipment cost,followed by user satisfaction,and the least sensitive is buying electricity price and charging subsidy.Based on above sensitivity analysis,this paper analyzes the affecting factors about Aggregator development.Where,the charging power level influence simulation concludes that the low power level is not good for Aggregator investment,people should choose charging-discharging piles with higher power levels.And the influence simulation of EV participation in V2 G on Aggregator shows that if the distribution network needs Aggregator to mobilize EV,then it needs to be paid Aggregator for twice EV charging price.