Research On Satisfaction Improvement Strategies Of Urban Parks Based On Senior Citizens' Perceived Experience

According to the latest Chinese population data released by the National Bureau of Statistics in 2018,the population over 60 years old in China has approached 250 million people,accounting for 17.9%of the total population.China has entered an aging society since 1999,and now it is the country with the largest elderly population and one of the most serious aging problem in the world.Urban parks play a very important role in the elderly's life in their later years.The construction level of urban park landscape environment directly affects the outdoor activities quality of the elderly groups.British scholar Bernard Isaacs pointed out:"If you design only for young people,then the elderly group will be excluded;if you take the elderly into account,then the design will cover the needs of all people".For the elderly,the growth of age is bound to accompany the decline of physical function and the change of psychological state.If designers can integrate the characteristics of the elderly with the landscape design of urban parks from the perspective of integrated perception of vision,hearing,touch and smell,This will certainly restore happiness and security to the elderly.Firstly,this paper systematically reviews the domestic and foreign literatures in the fields of aging-friendly landscape design,perceptual landscape design and perceptual characteristics of the elderly,which serves as the theoretical basis for the study.Secondly,the factors affecting the satisfaction degree of urban park perception experience are summarized and the primary evaluation index factors are obtained,and the index factors are optimized by Delphi method,further construction of urban park perception experience satisfaction evaluation system:including one target level,four elements level and 20 factors level.Then,three representative urban parks in Hefei City,Xiaoyaojin Park,Baohe Park and Xinghua Park,are selected as the research objects,and empirical investigation is conducted to obtain the importance and satisfaction evaluation of the related perception factors of the elderly to the park.Through IPA analysis,that learned the problems in the perceptual landscape design of the three parks and the priority of improvement of each problem,so as to avoid waste of resources and obtain the greatest satisfaction improvement effect.Finally,according to the results of the investigation and analysis,combined with the previous research results on the perception characteristics of the elderly and other related theoretical basis,this paper puts forward a strategy to enhance the satisfaction of perception experience for the landscape aging design of Hefei City Park.The conclusions are as follows:(1)Establishing a satisfaction evaluation system of perceptual experience of urban parks.The evaluation system of perceived experience satisfaction of urban parks constructed in this paper includes one target layer,four elements layer and 20 factors layer.Among them,four elements are visual perception,auditory perception,tactile perception and olfactory perception.(2)It reveals the satisfaction degree of the elderly to the perceptual experience of Hefei city parks.Through the field survey of three empirical parks and IPA analysis,it is concluded that the elderly's satisfaction with the perception and experience of Hefei City Park is generally lower than expected.The overall satisfaction score of Xiaoyaojin Park(3.13 points),Baohe Park(3.23 points)and Xinghua Park(3.29 points)shows that the elderly in Hefei City are generally satisfied with the perceived experience of urban parks.(3)The results of IPA analysis reveal the problems existing in the three empirical parks,and clarify the priority of improvement and promotion of various indicators.Among them,the most priority problems need to be improved mainly focus on visual perception of the identification facilities and lighting facilities,auditory perception of noise shielding,tactile perception of pavement texture,wind and rain environment skin and light environment skin.(4)It enriches the theoretical system of planning and design of aging landscape in urban parks.Based on the empirical study of perceived experience satisfaction of urban parks,aiming at the existing problems and combined with the perceptual characteristics of the elderly,12 strategies for improving perceived experience satisfaction of urban parks are put forward from the four levels of vision,hearing,touch and smell.