Electric Vehicle Routing Problem Based On Partial Recharging Strategy

Faced with the serious environmental pollution and shortage of petroleum resources,relevant policies such as restrictions on traditional fuel vehicles have been publicated.Due to the characteristics of low pollution and low energy consumption,electric vehicles(EVs)can effectively solve the "external uneconomic" problem brought by urban distribution,so they are encouraged and supported by all sectors of society.With the continuous development of battery and recharging technology of EVs,their operational cost advantages are gradually highlighted.After investigation,many e-commerce enterprises began to use EVs instead of traditional fuel vehicles to complete B2B city distribution business.In the 2B business of e-commerce,small and medium-sized customers demand are usually small and have many part-load transportation.Therefore,it is important to effectively integrate customer orders and improve the utilization efficiency of logistics resources.However,compared with traditional fuel vehicles,EVs still have some shortcomings,such as short mileage and long recharging time.Unreasonable routing will affect the scope and quality of distribution services.Therefore,this paper proposes a routing problem with partial recharging strategy,which is to relax the full rechaging restriction and allow partial recharging.The recharging level will be determined by the driving demand of the vehicle and the objective of cost minimization.Considering the multi-attribute characteristics of customer orders,in order to better integrate customer orders and improve the utilization efficiency of logistics resources,an optimization method of clustering first and then routing optimization is proposed.Based on the multiple attributes of customer orders,a hierarchical clustering method is used to group customers,and an electric vehicle routing problem with time windows and partial recharging strategy(EVRPTW-PR)is constructed to optimize the distribution routes of each customer group.The specific work is as follows:(1)Based on the actual orders and related literature,the main factors affecting customer satisfaction with distribution services are analyzed,and the main decision-making indicators such as geographical location,commodity value and remaining distribution time are put forward.Then the quantitative and qualitative indicators are processed and calculated to get the fuzzy equivalent matrix,and the fuzzy hierarchical clustering algorithm is used to group the customers reasonably.The case study shows that the routing optimization method based on customer grouping can effectively integrate customer orders,improve the similarity of customer orders within the group,and help enterprises provide differentiated distribution services for customers thereby improving service quality and customer satisfaction.(2)Starting from the economic benefits of logistics enterprises and considering the influence of fully recharging strategy on distribution time and cost of EVs in current research,this paper sets vehicle recharging level as a decision variable with the constraints of customer time window,constructs the electric vehicle routing problem with partial recharging strategy,and designs a heuristic algorithm suitable for this model.(3)Relying on the actual data of company A,this paper applies the optimization method to the EVRPTW-PR.By comparing and analyzing the rouitng based on partial recharging stratgy with full recharging strategy.It is proved that the reasonable planning of vehicle recharging level by using partial recharging strategy can effectively reduce vehicle recharging time,satisfy more customers' time windows and reduce distribution costs,which is more in line with the actual needs.Finally,the sensitivity analysis proves the influence of battery capacity,recharging rate on the distribution route of EVs.Graphs:21 Charts:14 References:82...