The Study Of Japanese Traditional Dry Landscape Garden's Aesthetic Formation And Aesthetic Category

At the end of the Ping an era,"dry landscape garden"appeared for the first time as a garden term in the oldest garden work in Japan,"Records of Garden Making".After that,with the development of Japanese society and the influence of the introduction of Chinese culture and thought,dry landscape garden finally developed into tlhe most representative form of garden art in Japan.It is not only the''witness”of the process of Japanese society but also the"influencer"of modern landscape design in Japan.Nowadays,the figure of dry landscape garden can be seen in many corners of the world.Landscape architecture is a subject with aesthetic nature.In order to truly understand the beauty of Japanese traditional dry landscape gardens,we should talk about aesthetic activities;which can not be separated from the specific social and cultural background.Different social and cultural backgrounds produce different aesthetic cultures,generate unique aesthetic formations,and finally summarize aesthetic categories.Although many scholars have studied the traditional dry landscape gardens in Japan,no one has specifically studied its aesthetic formation and aesthetic category.The research on the enlightenment of dry landscape gardens to Chinese landscape design only stays at the level of gardening techniques.This paper studies the aesthetic formation and category of Japanese traditional dry landscape garden,deeply interprets its aesthetic characteristics and embodiment,and probes into the embodiment of its aesthetic category in the modern landscape of Japan,aiming to provide some revelation for inheriting the aesthetic category of Chinese classical gardens and building landscapes with Chinese characteristics.This paper takes the Japanese traditional dry landscape gardens as the research object aesthetically discusses the social and cultural environment generated by the aesthetic formation of the Japanese traditional dry landscape gardens,and analyzes Japanese traditional dry landscape gardens with relevant cases.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The aesthetic formations of Japanese traditional dry landscape gardens are"true","image","Yi"and"plain"respectively,which contain natural beauty,social beauty,and artistic beauty.At the same time,these four aesthetic forms are reflected in the dry landscape gardens as follows:the natural texture of materials,the description of natnure and ideal,the atmosphere of free life and the blending of heart and object,plus the whiteness of space and the transmission of plain beauty.(2)Through highly summarizing the aesthetic forms,it is concluded that the aesthetic categories of Japanese traditional dry landscape gardens are:"emptiness","wabi","seclusion"and"elegance".The aesthetic characteristics of these aesthetic categories as described above are as follows:"emptiness"is the beauty of loneliness and the beauty of pleasure of epiphany;"wabi" is the true beauty of nature and the beauty of impermanence of time circulation;"seclusion"is the beauty of quiet silence.And ethereal metaphysical beauty;"elegance"is the beauty of elegance and beauty.Based on the study of the aesthetic formations and categories of Japanese traditional dry landscape gardens,this paper further discusses the inheritance and innovation of the aesthetic category of Japanese traditional dry landscape gardens in Japanese modern landscape design.The four aesthetic categories containing"emptiness","wabi","seclusion"and"elegance"in Japanese modern landscape are as follows:1)narrative space design and concise design techniques;2)the design theme of time permanent space and display of nature;3)the construction of a sense of path and the abstract transmission of the spirit of the place,;4)the reorganization of natural materials and the combination of line of sight control and space design.Terefore,it provides a reference for the construction of landscape with Chinese characteristics through the inheritance and innovation of the aesthetic categories of Chinese classical gardens under the background of the development of the new era in China.