Research On Dynamic Pricing Of High Speed Railway Parallel Trains Based On Revenue Management

With the rapid development of high-speed railway(HSR),a dedicated passenger lines network with "four vertical and four horizontal" channels as framework has been formed.HSR,with its fast,safe and comfortable characteristics,has become one of the most significant mode for inter-city passenger transport.But the problem of unbalanced demand for HSR lines is increasingly prominent,with some trains in high demand and some in virtual demand,which directly affects the operation revenue of HSR,and hinders the sustainable development of HSR passenger transport market.As a core method in revenue management(RM),dynamic pricing is able to adjust the price of passenger transport products according to the actual supply and demand situation,which is conducive to optimizing resource allocation,and is of great significance for improving the overall transport revenue and improving the management level of railway passenger transport.Firstly,on the basis of the research status of RM theory and dynamic pricing of parallel trains at home and abroad,this paper sorts out the theories and models related to HSR pricing.Secondly,in-depth analysis of passenger choice mechanism and influencing factors,and considering the heterogeneity of passenger flow,a latent class model is established to classify the categories of passengers in HSR.Thirdly,the theoretical framework of dynamic pricing of parallel trains on HSR is analyzed by using RM theory,and the demand function based on passenger classification is put forward,and the optimal joint dynamic pricing model with the maximum overall revenue of parallel trains as the objective function is constructed.Aiming at the dynamic programming problem described by the model,the relationship between price strategy and revenue function of different seats in different stages of pre-sale period is derived,and an approximate dynamic programming algorithm is proposed to solve the model.Finally,taking the parallel trains of Beijing-shanghai HSR as the research object,the dynamic pricing model is empirically studied by using relevant operation data,and the seat stock and optimal dynamic price in pre-sale period of HSR in different operation periods are obtained.The results show that under the dynamic pricing strategy,the passenger flow of HSR gets a certain equilibrium,and the revenue optimization effect is obvious.Compared with the revenue from fixed ticket price,the overall revenue increases by 7.85%,which verifies the validity and practicability of the model.