Analysis Of Mechanical Properties Of Basalt Fiber Aluminum Alloy Laminates Under Low Velocity Impact

Lightweight vehicles is an important means of reducing vehicle energy consumption and environmental pollution.The use of lightweight materials is an effective way to achieve lightweight vehicles.Fiber composites have been widely used in the aerospace and other fields for their excellent mechanical properties.With the reduction of the production cost of fiber composite materials and the maturity of the processing technology,fiber composite materials have received extensive attention in the automotive industry,and began to gradually replace steel parts.Fiber-reinforced metal laminates are a new type of composite material formed by combining fiber composite materials and metal sheets.The overall performance is not only a simple superposition of two or more properties,but a new composite of multiple material properties.material.Compared with fiber composite laminates,fiber metal laminates have higher energy absorption characteristics;compared with metal sheets,they have higher specific strength and specific modulus of elasticity,which can meet the requirements of impact resistance and light weight of the vehicle body.Therefore,there is great potential in automotive applications.In this paper,the advantages of basalt fiber composites and aluminum alloys are combined.The basalt fiber composites and aluminum alloy sheets are bonded to form basalt fiber aluminum alloy laminates.The structural and mechanical properties of the basalt fiber composites are experimentally and simulated..The impact resistance of basalt fiber-aluminum alloy laminates was studied under different ply structures and impacts subjected to different angular loads.Finally,the basic research was applied to the outer cover of the hood.The specific research contents are as follows:(1)The preparation of the sample and related mechanical properties experiments were carried out.Firstly,the experimental specimens of unidirectional basalt fiber composite laminates were prepared.According to the basic mechanical properties of unidirectional fiber composites,the tensile,compressive and shear tests were carried out to obtain the mechanical properties of the basalt fiber composite monolayer.The aluminum alloy plate was decontaminated,degreased and deoxidized,and bonded with basalt fiber laminates to form experimental samples of basalt fiber aluminum alloy laminates,which were respectively bent on pure basalt fiber laminates and basalt fiber aluminum alloy laminates.Experiment and impact experiments,comparative analysis of its bending properties and impact resistance.(2)The effects of different shell continuous shell elements on simulation accuracy are studied,and an effective finite element model is established.Because the number of element layers has a great influence on the simulation accuracy of the finite element model of fiber composite laminates,based on the Hashin failure criterion and the bilinear cohesive unit theory,two,four and eight continuous shell elements are used respectively.The simulation was carried out to establish a three-point bending simulation model and a low-speed impact model of fiber laminates and fiber metal laminates.The finite element simulation was carried out and compared with the experimental results to study the influence of the number of layer layers on the simulation results.(3)The impact resistance of fiber-reinforced metal laminates under different ply structures and impact loads at different angles was investigated.In this paper,only one layer of aluminum alloy sheet is included.According to the relative positions of the aluminum alloy sheet and the fiber layer,the impact simulation model of fiber metal laminates with three different layers is established,that is,the aluminum alloy sheet is located at the top of the fiber metal laminate.In the middle and the bottom,the impact simulation was carried out with 5J impact energy,and the impact resistance analysis was carried out from three aspects: energy absorption,contact force and fiber layer damage degree;fiber metal laminates were impacted at different angles to study fiber metal at different angles.The impact resistance of the laminate.(4)The fiber metal laminate is applied to the outer cover of the hood,and the hood is subjected to the latching condition,the torsion condition and the forward bending condition simulation,and the rigidity of the hood is analyzed in comparison with the original hood;the adult head impact is established.The hood model of the hood was impacted,and the adult head impact simulation was carried out to study the pedestrian head protection performance of the fiber metal laminate when applied to the outer cover of the hood.