Research On UAV-assisted Mechanism Optimization For Wireless Sensor Network Data Transmission

In Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)-assisted Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs),the distribution or traj ectory of UAVs has an important impact on the overall network topology.By rationally utilizing the mobility and air channel conditions of the UAV,designing a trajectory optimization or an optimal deployment algorithm can be optimized to improve the uneven energy consumption of the sensors in the traditional WSNs and the network interruption caused by the death of some sensors.Most of the current UAV-assisted wireless sensor network research algoritlhms only consider how to use UAV to cover all nodes.Based on the research of the small world phenomenon and combined with the self-organizing characteristics of the sensor network,this paper designs a short UAV trajectory or deploys a small number of UAV algorithms to reduce the energy consumption and network delay of WSNs and realize the efficient data transmission for WSNs.In the two scenarios of single UAV-assisted WSNs and multiple UAVs cooperatively deploying auxiliary WSNs,this paper study the problem of single UAV traj ectory planning and optimal deployment of multiple UAVs:Firstly,for the single UAV auxiliary scene,based on the theory of small world phenomenon,the method of using the UAV to replace the data mules is proposed to construct the small world network of the traditional WSNs.And we analysis of the small world characteristics in WSNs with UAV assistance.The simulation verified the influence of the length of the UAV flight traj ectory on the energy consumption of WSNs and the balance of sensor energy consumption.Then based on the distribution characteristics of sensor nodes,the UAV trajectory optimization algorithm is proposed.It is proved by simulation that under the same flight distance,the optimized UAV trajectory can further reduce the energy consumption of WSNs compared with the fixed flight trajectory.Secondly,for the deployment of UAVs in auxiliary WSNs,under the condition of maintaining the connectivity between the UAVs and the UAVs with the base stations to ensure the validity of the data transmission,we considered the distribution characteristics of the sensor nodes and the coverage capability of the drone to the sensor,and designed a heuristic algorithm for optimal deployment of UAVs to optimize the network delay and energy consumption of the WSNs.The effect of the number of drones on the performance of WSNs was subsequently investigated.The simulation proves that the distributed position of the UAVs calculated by the optimal deployment algorithm can ensure the connectivity between the UAVs and the UAVs with the base stations,and greatly reduce the network delay and energy consumption of the WSNs.