Study On Scale And Supporting Facilities Of Anchorage For Navigation In The Yangtze River

Anchorage ground is an important public facility for the production and operation of water transport.It plays a vital role in the safe operation of the ship,which directly affects the port production,the smooth of navigation and the safety of navigation.The existing anchorage of Yangtze River includes the port anchorage,the anchor anchorage and the temporary mooring area.The main functions are to provide the berthing,operation and quarantine service for the ship.With the rapid development of the economy along Yangtze River,the tendency of densification,large-size,rapidness and diversification of ship is obvious.In the pursuit of shipping efficiency,people’s demands of the safety,comfort and convenience of navigation are higher and higher at the same time.On the one hand,people want to further standardize the construction,maintenance and management of anchorage and on the other hand,people want to expand other function of the anchorage,such as sheltering from the wind,fog and flood,or staying for the night,waiting for lockage and filling up wih oil(gas),or maintenance,entertainment,supply,shopping and medical services etc..In order to ensure that ships can avoid danger in the event of bad weather,passing ships can have a safe and enough water area for waiting gate to be opened,ships can be maintenanced and supplied with fuel and living goods conveniently on the voyage,the crew can be treated quickly when suffered paroxysmal diseases and have a reasonable rest when tired.Therefore,in order to promote economic development along the river,adapt to the development of shipping,improve the efficiency of navigation,ensure safety of navigation,and standardize the construction and management of anchorage,it is necessary to carry out the research on the scale and configuration of supporting anchorages and clarify the related technical requirements.First,this paper analyzes the research status and the relevant research achievements at home and abroad on the basis of consulting the related literature.Then,combined with the Yangtze trunk anchorage the construction and management situation and the development demands of shipping,the paper puts forward the concept of supporting anchorages with comprehensive service functions,such as sheltering from the wind,fog and flood,or staying for the night,waiting for lockage and filling up wih oil(gas),or maintenance,entertainment,supply,shopping and medical services etc..Next,according to the relevant national standards,combined with the characteristics of Yangtze River route navigation environment,the paper studies the technical requirements of the locations,scale and facility configuration of anchorages on account of the functional characteristics of the supporting anchorage of Yangtze River.Finally,this paper proposes a scheme of determining the number of anchor berths for lockage anchorages using the queuing theory and establishes a model to calculate the anchor berts number in temporary anchor zone and in the water service area based on the ship traffic flow,and puts forward the site layout scheme of water service area under the influence of multiple factors by using analytic hierarchy process.The research results can provide the theoretical foundation for regulating the construction of anchorage along Yangtze River main line,and provide reference for the construction of other inland waters anchorage at the same time.