Study On Moving Ship Detection And Velocity Estimation Based On Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar

With the development of radar imaging,moving target indication has become one of the most important applications in the Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR).Single-channel moving target indication technology needs high Signal to Clutter Ratio(SCR)to obtain better performance.Unfortunately,the requirement is often too crucial to be met in the actual conditions.Compared with single-channel,multi-channel has stronger ability to get more information due to channel number increased and has the advantage on raising signal to clutter ratio which makes the algorithm more practical.Meanwhile,it is convenient for multi-channel to estimate motion parameters.Ship detection and motion parameters estimation have become the hot spots due to the maritime surveillance requirement increasing in the recent years.The conventional single channel moving target indication has not already satisfied the realistic need.Mutli-channel has become the key to solve the problem on ship detection and motion parameters estimation,the work in this paper is as follow.1.The paper introduces the principles and procedures of the existing ship detection methods based on interferometric synthetic aperture radar and concludes the motion parameters estimation algorithm.2.With regard to the ship detection based on single-channel which leads to low detection rate and high false alarm rate in low SCR,the paper puts forward a new ship detection method based on K distribution and Displaced Phase Center Antenna(DPCA).The paper firstly proves that the sea clutter model in the DPCA is K distribution according to product model and then combines the Mellin transform and constant false alarm rate(CFAR)to achieve ship detection.The experiments show the proposed method has lower false alarm rate and higher detection rate than conventional methods.3.With regard to the motion parameters estimation based on single-channel which leads to low estimation accuracy and few parameters estimated.The paper puts forward a novel motion parameters estimation method based on Fractional Fourier Transform(FrFT)and Along-track Interferometry(ATI).The paper firstly estimates the frequency modulation rate of echo by FrFT,and then combines the ATI phase to achieve the estimation of azimuth velocity,range velocity and range acceleration of the ship.The experiments show the proposed method has higher estimation accuracy and realizes multi-parameters estimation than conventional methods.