Research On Attitude Determination Of Super-large Space Structure

With the rapid development of space technology and the continuous expansion of space exploration tasks,all the countries of the world have put forward the requirements for the development of the super-large combination of structures.The important degree of the space station,space solar station,manned deep space flight,ect,has become a hotspot in the field of space research.And it shows a wide range of application prospects.In view of the use of this kind of large-scale spacecraft in space mission,we need to adjust the position of various parts to complete the specific space task.In the whole space task,the large-scale spacecraft attitude determination and attitude control will become the first need to solve the key technology.Firstly,this paper combined the background of large-scale spacecraft attitude control task,presented attitude description methods based on Euler Angle and quaternion,established the kinematics and dynamic equation of spacecraft,and combined with the structure characteristics and task requirements of large-scale spacecraft to design the general schemes of attitude determination and attitude control of large-scale spacecraft.In the scheme of attitude determination of large-scale spacecraft,firstly,the paper classified all components of large-scale spacecraft,defined the flat-plate components with star sensor and gyroscope as based-plate and defined the flat-plate components without star sensor and gyroscope as linked-plate.Then the paper presented different schemes of attitude determination for based-plates and linked-plates.For the scheme of attitude determination of based-plate,the paper described the basic theory of kalman filter,obtained the extended kalman filter(EKF)after linearization and discretization of kalman filter,which is applicable to nonlinear space system,then used the attitude kinematic equation of spacecraft as state equation to design EKF filter.Finally the paper finished the attitude determination task of based-plate components with measurement models of star sensor and gyroscope.For the scheme of attitude determination of linked-plate,the paper introduced piezoelectric ceramics as angle sensor because of its positive piezoelectric effect,combined with the structure characteristics of large scale spacecraft to design the piezoelectric sensor and its installation model.Based on this,the paper established relative attitude kinematics equation of linked-plate and designed the corresponding EKF filter to complete the attitude determination task of linked-plate components.Secondly,aimed at the study of the attitude control of large-scale spacecraft,the paper introduced piezoelectric thruster as spacecraft actuator to control attitude of linked-plate,derived calculation formula from voltage input of piezoelectric thruster to relative angle of linked-plate according to the reverse piezoelectric effect,then designed the corresponding control strategy and the PD controller to complete attitude control of linked-plate components sequentially.Finally,this paper built the simulation platform of attitude determination and control of large-scale spacecraft,and verified the feasibility of general scheme of attitude determination and control of large-scale spacecraft.The result of analyzing the data from experiments showed that the schemes designed in this paper have high accuracy and real-time performance,thus can satisfy the task requirements of the attitude determination and control in space mission of large-scale spacecraft.