Simulation Study On High Speed Spindle Dynamic Balance Adjustment System Under The Influence Of Temperature Field

The high accuracy of the spindle system during work is mainly affected by the spindle amplitude and thermal characteristics.Considering the influence of thermal deformation caused by the temperature rise of the spindle system of the machine tool during work on the dynamic balance of the spindle is the key to affecting the machining accuracy of the high-speed spindle,which can effectively improve the high-speed spindle machining accuracy and product performance.In this paper,to solve the reason of thermal characteristics of high-speed rotating spindle,as the research content,the imbalance problem that caused the balanced main shaft,improve the unbalanced vibration of the spindle due to the influence of thermal characteristics,to improve the machining performance of the main shaft,the following research is done:(1)A detailed introduction to the heat transfer method of the spindle,the heat source of the spindle is analyzed,on this basis,the influence of heat on the spindle was analyzed by finite element software,get the thermal deformation cloud diagram of the main axis and the deformation of the X,Y,and Z axes,and discussed the influence of ambient temperature on the thermal deformation of the spindle.Due to the amount of deformation,the position of the unbalanced mass of the main shaft changes,which in turn causes the amount of vibration of the main shaft to change,therefore,it is necessary to consider the influence of heat on the dynamic balance system of the main shaft,and at the same time make a preliminary guidance for studying the influence of the thermal characteristics of the main shaft on the dynamic balance adjustment.(2)The overall idea of a dynamic balance adjustment algorithm considering the thermal characteristics of the spindle is proposed,based on this,the dynamic modeling and simulation analysis of the high-speed spindle dynamic balancing system were carred out,the simulation program of "Modeling and Simulation of Mechanical Spindle Dynamic System" was written in LABVIEW language.calculate the influence coefficient of the same unbalanced mass at different speeds after considering the thermal characteristics of the spindle,it is concluded that both the rotational speed and the thermal characteristics of the spindle have an influence on the influence coefficient.(3)The CJ190Z4 mechanical spindle was measured and adjusted at different speeds for the steady-state dynamic unbalance response of the spindle.It is verified that the speed and the thermal characteristics of the spindle have an influence on the coefficient of influence,at the same time,it provides strong evidence for the correctness of the issues discussed in this article.(4)Under the premise that the thermal characteristics of the main shaft will change the influence coefficient,b,the size and position of the compensation amount obtained using the traditional influence coefficient for dynamic balance adjustment are not accurate enough,based on this,an online dynamic balancing algorithm considering the thermal characteristics of the spindle is proposed.Real-time calculation of the impact coefficient,gives the adjustment position of the mass,in the virtual test bed environment,an example calculation is carried out by using a built-in mechanical dynamic balancing device for adjusting the dynamic balance of the main shaft as an example.Through the entire adjustment process,the method avoids the influence of the thermal characteristics and rotation speed of the main shaft on the influence coefficient,and obtains a more accurate compensation amount.