The Preparation And Performance Of Low Dimensional Materials For Treatment Of Inorganic And Organic Pollutants

With the development of modern industry and the growth of population,the worldwide drought is getting more serious every day.One way to face the growing need of clean water is the waste water treatment.The waste water from factories usually contains suspended solids,bacteria,inorganic salts and soluble organic pollutants.In this work,we focus on the soluble contains of waste water,and study the treatment of the pollutant by dividing them into the inorganic salts and the organic pollutants.Capacitive deionization,short as CDI,is based on electrical double-layer theory.It is one of the potential methods to remove the inorganic ions in waste water.According to electrical double-layer theory,the material possessing large specific surface area?SSA?,hierarchical porous structure,and high electrical conductivity,is suitable for CDI electrode material.In this work,graphene nanosheets were composed with auricularia biomass,and hierarchical porous carbon materials with high SSA,suitable porous structure and high chemical-electrical properties were fabricated.The electrodes prepared by the resultant materials show high deionization performance.When the initial concentration of the solution was 55.72 mg L^-1,q reached to 7.74 mg g^-1.For the organic pollutant treatment,one of the potential methods is to use photocatalyst to degrade the organic components into biodegradable compounds,and degrade into carbon dioxide and water eventually.In this work,we use Zn O nanowires for the degradation of organic components.The structure and the photocatalytic performance of Ag@Zn ONWs and Cu₂O@Ag@Zn ONWs were studied.For the decoration of Ag,we tried two methods:photoreduction?chemical method?and sputtering?physical method?.The morphology and structure,along with photocatalytic performance of Ag@Zn ONWs fabricated with two methods were studied.For both methods,the performance of Ag@Zn ONWs is better than that of pure Zn O nanowires.The photocatalytic performance increases with the increase of Ag amount at first,then shows a negative relationship with Ag amount after the optimal value.Comparing those two methods,Ag P30@Zn ONWs shows better performance.Furthermore,Cu₂O@Ag@Zn ONWs was fabricated by hydrothermal method and the photocatalytic performance was evaluated.The results show that the performance of Cu₂O@Ag@Zn ONWs is better than that of Ag@Zn ONWs with different optimal Ag amount.The results also show that annealing treatment is beneficial for the photocatalyst performance.