Controlled Synthesis And Catalytic Applications Of Carbonaceous Nanocomposites

Carbonaceous materials are widely used in many fields including catalysis,adsorption,electrochemistry,and medical engineering etc,because of their unique physicochemical properties,such as acid and alkali resistance,high thermal stability,large specific surface area,high conductivity and good biocompatibility etc.In-depth study of the synthesis process,structural characterization and application of carbon materials or carbon-based composite materials is of great significance for the development of material preparation science and the expansion of the application space of carbon materials.In this paper,resorcinol formaldehyde(RF)carbon material is the main research subject,and sol-gel route is the main research method.The controlled synthesis of RF composite materials was systematically studied.On this basis,the RF-based Pt@C catalyst and its catalytic performance were studied.The controlled synthesis conditions of the special configuration RF and its composite materials were initially explored,which provided more experimental basis for the further preparation of new composite materials.The main research content and results include :1.Using colloidal silica microspheres as the core material,the preparation process of RF-coated core-shell structure composites was studied in depth.The experimental results show that the RF coating is strongly influenced by surface charge of Si O2 core,which can be adjusted by suitable surface modification.Both cationic surfactant and amino functional group can modify the silica surface with positive charge and is readily coated by negatively charged RF resin.In addition,the electrical change of the surface of the core particles can also be achieved by the enrichment of free particle groups in the synthesis system.2.The catalyst of platinum confined in carbon(Pt@C)can be constructed by introducing Pt nanoparticles into preparation system of Si O2@RF.It can be found that the Pt@C is very active in selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes to corresponding amines.Compared with supported catalyst,the Pt@C also exhibits outstanding recyclability.In addition,RF carbonization process may damage the Pt active sites,which is of special significance for synthesis of highly active Pt-C catalyst.3.Various surfactants have been added into the sol-gel system of RF and lead to the formation of products with unique architecture.Primary amine surfactant can induce the formation of RF hollow spheres with different quality,which may due to its solubility in water and ethanol and the interaction with RF.The above research results provide a reliable experimental basis for assembling new core-shell structures and preparing confined MNP@C composite materials with high-efficiency catalytic properties,and help to promote the real application of such materials in production practice.