Application Of Doped Carbon Nanomaterials In Energy Storage Devices

Supercapacitors,also known as electrochemical capacitors,are novel power storage device based on electrode materials of high specific surface area carbon material,conducting polymer and transition metal oxide.Supercapacitors have significant potential,including high power density,long cycle life,fast charge/discharge rates,and low manufacturing costs.Supercapacitors have been extensively used in civilian and military areas because of their distinctive electrical properties.According to the mechanism of charge storage,supercapacitors can be divided into two types,namely,electric double-layer capacitors(EDLCs)and pseudocapacitors.Various types of carbon materials with high surface area and high electrical conductivity have been used as electrode materials in this technology.Carbonbased supercapacitors derive from a wealth of sources,show excellent electrochemical performance and popular price,which is the first commercialized supercapacitor electrode materials.Compared with most pseudocapacitor electrode materials such as metal oxides and conductive polymers,carbon-based electrode materials offer lower specific capacitance and energy density in supercapacitor applications.This thesis focuses on the design of carbon materials for EDLCs with different morphologies frompolymer precursors.The polymer precursors with specialmorphologies were carbonized under inert atmosphereand transformedto heteroatom doped porous carbon materials.Our workaims atprovidingtheoretical and scientific basis for the high capacitance carbon-based supercapacitors.This article uses the anodic aluminum oxide(AAO)template.In electrochemical polymerization device,electrochemical polymerization occurs in the vertical channel of AAO template for polymerizing length and orientation of the highly consistent large conductive polymer nanowires array of thin film materials,this method can realize single element doping polymerization and multielement polymerization.Then at high temperature under inert atmosphere,a heat treatment is necessary for impurity atoms carbon nanowires array film.Unique nanowires array structure,reasonable distribution channel and heteroatom doping,make the material become a kind of excellent performance of super capacitor electrode material and electrode materials for lithium-ion secondary battery.