Effects Of Alliin On Intestinal Health Based On Omics

Intestinal health,as a hot research field,has been widely reported in recent years.More and more literatures have shown that a dynamic balance of mutualism and mutual influence will be developed between the human body and intestinal bacteria,among different types of intestinal bacteria,among intestinal bacteria in different regions of the digestive tract,and between intestinal bacteria and intestinal epithelial cells.And when the balance is destroyed,negative effects on human health will happen.Many literatures have reported that chronic enteritis is closely related to intestinal bacteria and their the interaction with intestinal epithelial cells.Alliin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial active substance in garlic and is often consumed by people.Its effect has not been investigated on human intestinal flora and then intestinal epithelial cells.Alliin is mainly absorbed in human small intestine,which contributes to investigate the interaction of intestinal flora in different regions..Therefore,this research firstly investigated the effects of alliin on rats’ intestinal bacteria,and then epithelial tissues to discover the impact of alliin on intestinal health in normal rats.Furthermore,the effects of alliin on inflammatory bowel disease were investigated by analyzing the alteration of gut microbiota and differentially expressed genes in colonic epithelial tissue in enteritis model rats.The results showed that:The consumption of alliin had impacts on the microflora of the small intestine and cecum,but there was no significant difference between the genera and phyla except Allobaculum.The intake of alliin also altered the expression of 5 genes related to the immune system of intestinal epithelial cells in rats.This may be due to the cascade amplification effect in the intestine,such as mild in the small intestine,and visible in the cecum,ultimately affect the gene expression of intestinal epithelial cells and intestinal epithelial cells,including RT1-Ba,RT1-Bb,Cd80,Madcam1 and Aicda,changed by the consumption of alliin.Alliin can significantly affect the inflammatory bowel disease induced by DSS in rats.It reversed the changes of intestinal flora richness and diversity caused by DSS.It can not only significantly inhibit the up-regulation of DSS expression by Padi3,Pla2g5,Zbtb16,Chst8,Cyp17a1,LOC299282,Moco,Doxa2,Duox2,Scnnla and Clca1 genes,but also significantly inhibit the down-regulation of DSS expression by Esr2,Lman1 l,Ano2,Ndst4,AABR07006278.1,Alas2,Kif6,Armcx6,Casc4,Adad2,Palmd and Rgs2 genes.Some of these genes are thought to be involved in inflammation,colorectal cancer or mucosal balance.In conclusion,alliin in healthy rats has no obvious effect on intestinal flora,but it can regulate the immune-related gene expression and signaling pathway in intestinal epithelial cells and promote intestinal health.In addition,alliin can alleviate the intestinal inflammation caused by DSS in IBD rats by regulating the expression of multiple genes in the intestinal epithelial tissue related to the immune system,which has a regulating effect on the intestinal immunity and can protect the intestinal health.