Study On Preparation And Application Of Superabsorbent Resin Based On Sawdust

As a new type of multifunctional material,superabsorbent resin can not only absorb as much water as hundreds of times of its weight,but also have good water-retaining performance.In addition,it does not dissolve in water and organic solvents such as ethanol.Thanks to these excellent properties,it has been well developed in many fields like agriculture,sustain-release medicine,construction,and food industry.At present,the global market value of superabsorbent resin has reached 9 billion US dollars.However,the commercialized superabsorbent resin products are mostly disposable products due to the usage of petroleum,which lead to the problem of low recycling rate and poor biodegradability of superabsorbent resin.In this paper,in view of the problems of high cost,cumbersome manufacture process and poor biodegradability of the existing superabsorbent resin,sawdust,a cheap by-product of the timber and forestry industry,was considered as a framework structure to prepare superabsorbent resin.Acrylic acid and acrylamide were used as the synthetic monomers.The effects of content of APS,MBA,AA and AM,the degree of neutralization of acrylic acid,and reaction temperature on the swelling rate of superabsorbent resin were investigated.The synthesized resin was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）,X-ray diffraction（XRD）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,and thermogravimetric analysis（TGA）.In addition,a dust suppressant for mining area was prepared by compounding superabsorbent resin based on sawdust and surfactant in this paper.The effects of surfactant type,surfactant concentration and resin concentration on the p H value,permeability,evaporation resistance,viscosity and surface tension of the dust suppressant were explored.Finally,under the optimized conditions,the anti-wind erosion performance of the dust suppressant on coal powder was discussed and analyzed.The main results of this research are drawn as follows:（1）The optimal factors for the preparation of superabsorbent resin were determined by using the method of single factor experiment,including acrylic acid content is 8 g;acrylamide:acrylic acid content ratio is 1:6;crosslinking agent content is 0.6%;initiator content 0.3%;acrylic acid neutralization degree is 50%;reaction temperature is 60℃.As a result,The swelling rates of superabsorbent resin in deionized water and 0.9%Na Cl solution reached 738.12 g/g and 90.18 g/g,respectively.（2）By means of FTIR,XRD and SEM characterization methods,the special functional groups,crystallinity and microscopic surface morphology of superabsorbent resin were analyzed.The results confirmed that superabsorbent resin was successfully prepared.Furthermore,superabsorbent resin based on sawdust has a continuous porous surface structure,showing excellent swelling ability,thermal stability and reusability.Which was also proved to serve as a water-retaining agent that improves soil porosity and reduces the evaporation of moisture inside.（3）Based on the results derived from the three-factor four-level orthogonal test design method and cost-effectiveness considerations,the optimal formulation of the dust suppressant solution was determined as follows:surfactant type of Triton X-100,with its concentration of 0.15%and the resin concentration of 0.02%,where the dust suppressant solution p H was 6.89,in which the viscosity,surface tension,the evaporation resistance and the penetration depth were 13m Pa·s,31.279 mn·m^-1,15.5%and30mm,respectively.（4）The results of the anti-wind erosion test revealed that the dust suppression performance of this superabsorbent resin type dust suppressant is greatly improved compared with the traditional halide and water.The surface of coal dust treated with dust suppressant is smooth and complete,and the coal powder is closely aggregated,which can resist the influence of external circumstances well.In this research,a superabsorbent resin was successfully prepared by one-step method with sawdust without any chemical treatment as the skeleton structure.The obtained superabsorbent resin was formulated together with the surfactants to prepare a novel dust suppressant.A comparative study of the wind erosion resistance of this novel dust suppressant and traditional ones was conducted.The strategy of preparing the superabsorbent resin based on the sawdust not only provides a new approach to the utilization of sawdust,but also brings a potential option for the preparation of cost-effective and environmentally-friendly industrial superabsorbent resins.It will promote the application research of superabsorbent resin in the field of dust suppression in mining areas.