Study On The Properties Of Nano-si Films And The Efficiency Of Thin-film Solar Cells

Thin-film solar cells are devices that convert light energy directly into electricity through the photoelectric effect.As a new generation of solar cells,thin-film solar cells have many advantages such as less raw material use,simple manufacturing processes,good low-light performance,and short recovery cycles.They have broad application prospects in solving current energy and environmental problems.However,the photoelectric conversion efficiency of thin-film solar cells is low,the absorption efficiency of the cells is lower than that of traditional crystalline silicon solar cells,and the power generation cost is also higher than that of traditional fossil fuel power generation,which severely limits the development and application of thin-film solar cells.Therefore,the main work of this paper is to study the properties of nano-silicon films and improve the absorption efficiency of thin-film batteries.As the main component of the photoelectric conversion of thin film solar cells,nano-silicon thin films have become the focus of research.The reflection and absorption properties of nano-silicon film change with the change of its thickness,which will directly affect the conversion efficiency and manufacturing cost of the battery.Aiming at the problem that the thickness of nano-silicon film will affect the properties of thin film battery,the finite difference time domain(FDTD)method is used to simulate the nano-silicon film.The attenuation of incident electromagnetic wave by nano-silicon film is analyzed,and the influence of thickness of nano-silicon film on its reflectivity,absorptivity and other optical properties is discussed in detail.The results show that the nano-silicon film has a significant absorption effect on the incident electromagnetic wave,and the thin film of silicon material effectively enhances its absorption rate.The thickness of a silicon thin film with a thickness of 650 nm can reach 0.62 when the incident light wavelength is 481 nm,while the absorption of the semi-infinite body silicon is only 0.48.The reflectance,transmittance,and absorptivity of the nano-silicon thin film show a stripe structure between light and dark as the thickness changes,indicating that the interference effect of the film has a significant effect on its properties.Among them,a 500-nm-thick silicon thin film has a high absorptivity in a wide spectral range,and is suitable for applications in other photovoltaic devices such as thin-film solar cells.According to the research of nano-silicon thin films,thin-film solar cells use silicon thin films with a thickness of 500 nm.Aiming at the problem of low absorption efficiency of solar cell silicon thin film layers,the use of metal nanoparticle local surface plasmon resonance(LSPR)was proposed to enhance the absorption efficiency of solar cells.The finite-difference time-domain(FDTD)method was used to simulate the thin-film solar cell.The effects of rectangular Ag nanoparticles with different geometric parameters and Ag back-reflective film on enhancing the absorption efficiency of solar cells were analyzed.The results show that solar cells with a thickness of 500 nm have high absorption efficiency.By adjusting the parameters of Ag nanoparticles,the reflection loss on the surface of silicon film of solar cell is effectively reduced,and the maximum absorption enhancement factor is 1.35.The Ag back-reflective film effectively reduces the transmission loss of Ag nanoparticle solar cells,and its maximum absorption enhancement factor reaches 1.42.