Study On The Effect And Mechanism Of Matcha On High-fat Induced Hypothalamic Inflammation

The increasing popularity of high-fat diet has increased the percentage of overweight and obese population,making obesity one of the major global health problems.While obesity threatens physical health,it also triggers a series of metabolic syndromes such as type II diabetes,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,as well as nonalcoholic fatty liver,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,stroke,Alzheimer's disease etc.Complications such as musculoskeletal diseases can even increase the incidence of cancer.Therefore,obesity and other obesity-related diseases have attracted the attention of many researchers in recent years.Because of its excellent free radical scavenging,antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity,tea has been proven to be able to reduce body weight,as well as protecting our central nervous system from damage.Matcha tea,being a full-consumed tea,has showed an excellent effect on reducing fat and body weight,as well as reducing the inflammatory response in the hypothalamus.In this study,we established a high-fat diet-induced mouse obesity model and a palmitic acid-induced mouse model to study its lipid accumulation and inflammation response to BV-2 microglia cells,investigated the effects of matcha tea and its extracts on fat reduction,weight loss and central nervous system injury protection,and explored its related mechanism.The main results are as follows:(1)The obesity model of C57 BL / 6 mice was established through a high-fat diet.The matcha tea concentrations of 0.1%,0.5%,and 1.0% respectively,were served as part of a high-fat diet for a time period of 6 weeks.As a result,it was found that matcha tea could reduce weight caused by the high-fat diet,but had no significant effect on food intake.At the same time,matcha tea inhibited abnormal hypertrophy of adipocytes and abnormally increased blood glucose,total triglycerides,total cholesterol and lowdensity lipoprotein in mice.Immunofluorescence staining of Iba-1 antibody against microglia cells in the hypothalamus' arcuate nucleus and paraventorial nucleus showed that matcha tea inhibited microglia cells in the hypothalamus' arcuate nucleus activated by high-fat diet,while there was no significant difference in activation in the paraventorial nucleus.Observed expression of inflammatory factors in the hypothalamus of mice indicates that matcha tea successfully inhibited the expression of TNF-? in the hypothalamus of mice fed a high-fat diet.In the study of related mechanisms,it was found,that matcha tea can inhibit the JAK2 / STAT3 signal pathway in the hypothalamus of high-fat diet mice,indicating that JAK2 / STAT3 pathway signal is a potential target for matcha tea to inhibit the high-fat diet-induced hypothalamus inflammation response.(2)100%,80%,60%,40% and 20% of five different concentrations of ethanol were used to produce different matcha tea extracts: EEM-100%,EEM-80%,EEM-60%,EEM-40% and EEM-20%.The content of tea polyphenols,free amino acids,soluble sugars,proteins,catechin monomers and caffeine in five ethanol extracts was determined,and their DPPH,ABTS,FRAP antioxidant activities were investigated.The results were in accordance with overall trends,with high-concentration ethanol matcha tea extracts having higher tea polyphenol,total catechin,and caffeine and lower free amino acids and soluble sugar content,with no significant protein content.In terms of antioxidant capacity,high-concentration ethanol extracts exhibit stronger antioxidant activity.(3)A mouse model of lipid accumulation and inflammatory response of BV-2 microglial cells by palmitic acid was established.After 24 h co-administration of single matcha tea extracts with PA,matcha tea extracts showed a significant reduction in microglial inflammation factors IL-1?,IL-6,and TNF-?,with the 100% ethanol extract group showing the strongest ability to reduce inflammatory factor release levels.At the same time,matcha tea extracts also showed a strong effect of reducing lipid accumulation.According to its molecular mechanism observation it was found that the effect of matcha tea extracts may be caused by inhibiting the activation of the JAK2 / STAT3 signaling pathway.