Fabrication Of 3D Multifunction Superhydrophobic Materials And Their Application In Oil-Water Separation

Oil-water separation has become one of the most worldwide problems due to the increasing discharge of petroleum waste water from different industries and frequent oil spills accidents.In recent years,superhydrophobic materials with rough structures and low surface energy were in the ascendant.These superhydrophobic materials could selectively separate oils from water with high efficiency.However,many materials that reported before were only designed for the separation of layered oil-water mixtures,as for the treatments of oil-water emulsions and soluble pollutants they were powerless.In addition,fluorine-containing substances were applied in the preparations of some superhydrophobic materials,which not only caused secondary pollution to the environment but also endangered human health.For these reasons,superhydrophobic materials were not wide applied in practical oil-water separation.In order to solve these problems,in this paper two kinds of multifunctional oil-water separation materials were synthesized via simple methods and used in high-efficiency oil-water separation and pollutants removal.The main research works were as follows:A novel 3D rambutan-like-?-NiOOH(3D-RB-?-NiOOH)microsphere was synthesized through a simple one-pot low temperature hydrothermal method and firmly anchored onto the skeletons of polyurethane(PU)sponge in order to increasing the roughness of skeletons.After modifying by lauric acid(LA),the superhydrophobic LA modified 3D-RB-?-NiOOH coated PU sponge(LA-3D-RB-?-NiOOH@sponge)with water-in-oil emulsions separation ability was obtained.The synthesis was optimized by controlling the reaction temperature and the use of chemicals.Moreover,the morphology,crystal form and functional group structures of the materials were characterized by SEM,XRD,FTIR.The wetting mechanisms of LA-3D-RB-?-NiOOH@sponge were explored as well.A novel cell-like BiOCl(3D-C-BiOCl)microsphere with photocatalytic ability was synthesized by simple stirring method and fixed on the skeletons of melamine sponge so as to improving the roughness of the sponge and endowed the sponge with photocatalytic ability.After modifying by pH-responsive dodecanedicarboxylic acid(DDA)and hydrophobic LA,the smart pH-responsive superwetting sponge(S-3D-C-BiOCl@MS)with photocatalytic capacity was synthesized.The synthesis was optimized by controlling the reaction conditions and the use of chemicals.In addition,the SEM,XRD and FTIR were used to characterize the morphology,crystal form and functional group structures of the materials.The pH-responsive superwetting mechanisms of S-3D-C-BiOCl@MS were also explored.