Simulation Study On Oil Storage And Transportation Facilities Leakage And Pool Fire Accident

As the driving force of social development,the number oil storage and transportation facilities grow rapidly.When oil leaks,not only environment get polluted,but is more likely to endanger human safety and cause economic losses.Hence study the oil spill process and the influence scope of accident is significant,which provides theoretical reference for the prediction and analysis of oil leakage accident and emergency measures.With the development of computer operation capability and numerical simulation,CFD is good at analyzing the fluid flow and accident process.Based on previous experimental results and theoretical analysis,CFD is used to study the formation process of liquid pools on the ground and water after oil leakage,with the qualitative and quantitative analysis.The hazard factors and safety distance are determined of oil leakage and pool fire in an actual tank area,the conclusions are as follows:(1)The CFD model of oil leakage on the ground is built,the expansion process of liquid pool and the change law of pool area are studied.Results show that pool expands in a circular direction and area increases linearly with time.The pool area increases with leakage velocity and leaking hole diameter,decreases with roughness height,while stay unchanged when roughness height is less than 0.005 m.However,roughness constant,oil density and viscosity show little effect on pool area.The calculation correlation formula of pool area is fitted,the error between simulated and fitting value is about±15%.(2)The CFD model of oil spill from a static point in the water is bulit,the expansion and movement process of oil film are studied.Results show that Euler model is more suitable for expansion process on water,the initial stage of expansion can be completely described by gravity-inertia force,but the acting time is short.The wind factor is positively correlated with wind velocity,which tends to increase with it,the drift velocity of oil film in most waters is about 5%of wind velocity,which is basically equal to water velocity.When wind and water flow coexist and move in the same direction,the drift velocity of oil film is less than the sum velocity generated under the action of wind and water flow alone,which decreases by about 12%.The main difference are inertial force and surface tension in force phase when oil spill spreads on the ground and water.(3)An accident scenario of oil leakage and pool fire in a tank area is constructed,results show that the influence range of explosion shock is about 35 m.In the open environment,the content of toxic and harmful substances such as dust is few and the influence range is small.Thermal radiation is most harmful,the farther away from the accident tank the lower harm of thermal radiation is.Other nearby storage tanks will receive excessive thermal radiation,which may lead to ruptures of tank wall.The simulated value of influence range of thermal radiation is about 10%larger than the empirical one,while both of the growth trend is the same.The safety protection distance of thermal radiation is about 160 m.