Dyeing And Functionalization Of Silk Withgrape Seed Etract

As a byproduct from the winemaking,grape seeds are redeveloped into grape seed extract(GSE).GSE is rich in proanthocyanidins,which arereferred to as condensed tannins.GSE has been widely applied in many fields including biomedicine,food,and cosmetics due to its excellent bioactivity and biocompatibility.Silk is a kind of superior textile material with soft luster,comfortable feel and high performance.However,due to poor lightstability,flame-retardant,and antibacterial properties,the application of silk is limited.In this study,GSE was applied inthe dyeing of silk fabric for the simultaneous dyeing and flame-retardant,antibacterial and antioxidant functionalization.Firstly,the mechanism ofadsorption GSE on silk,the dyeing conditions of GSE,and the color fastness,weight gain,surface structure,mechanical property,functions(flame retardant,antibacterial and antioxidant),durability of the GSE dyed silk fabric were also discussed.Secondly,the influences of the use of five metallic salts as mordants and the pretreatment by polyethyleneimine(PEI)on the color,color fastness and functional properties of the GSE dyed silk fabric were discussed.The important conclusions were drawn as follows:(1)The adsorption of GSE on silk conformed to the Sips adsorption isotherm model.The dyed fabric displayed a yellowish brown color.In weakly acidic media,the color depth of silk was less affected by pH,and it depended greatly on dyeing temperature and GSE concentration.The dyed fabric had good color fastness to washing,rubbing and perspiration but poor fastness to light.GSE dyeing imparted good flame retardant,antibacterial and antioxidant functions to silk fabric.And also,flame retardant and antibacterial functions were resistant to washing,but antioxidant function was not resistant to washing.The flame retardantaction of the dyed fabric worked in the solid phase(2)Post-mordanting by metallic salts could expanded the colors of the GSE dyed fabric,and changed the colorimetric and fastness properties of the dyed silk.Titanium sulfate increased the color saturation,whereas ferric sulfate and ferrous sulfate obviously increased the color depth and changed the color hue.Post-mordanting had different effects on different color fastness properties.Post-mordanting improved light fastness and staining fastness for washing.However,the post-mordanting by some metallic salts decreased dry rubbing fastness,and color change fastness for washing and perspiration.Post-mordanting had minor effects on the flame retardant indexes(oxygen limited index and damaged length)and antibacterial property of the dyed fabric.Ferrous sulfate improved the flame retardant indexes.Post-mordanting decreased the total heat release capability of the dyed fabric,and enhanced the charring ability of the dyed fabric.(3)The color depth of the GSE dyed silk fabric was increased by the use of PEI as a pretreatment agent which could increased the positive charge of silk fiber.The PEI treated fabric exhibited higher color depth when dyed in a weakly alkaline medium.The pretreatment by PEI improved light fastness,rubbing fastness and staining fastness for washing.The pretreatment by PEI increased the thermal stability at high temperature and charring ability of the GSE dyed fabric,and particularly decreased the damaged length of the dyed fabric in vertical burning.Because of its inherent antibacterial ability,PEI as modifier used in the pretreatment enabled the dyed fabric to possess better antibacterial function in the case that a low dosage of GSE was used.