Component Analysis Of Ripening Process Of Sesame Seeds,Extraction Of Polysaccharides And Functional Study

Sesame seed contains a variety of nutritional and functional components,with high economic,edible,nutritional and medicinal values.At present,the research on sesame composition is mainly focused on mature sesame,while the research on the changes of main components during sesame seed development is relatively few.In this paper,with 7 different growth stages of sesame seeds from Yuzhi 11 as raw materials,the content and correlation of main chemical components in sesame were studied.The polysaccharides inside each sample were extracted and purified,and their composition,structure,and antioxidant activity in vitro were determined.Furthermore,cell experiments and animal experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of sesame seed polysaccharides on delaying aging and protecting the liver in vivo.?1?The content and correlation of main chemical components in seven sesame samples were studied.The results showed that the 1000-seed weight?dry basis?of sesame seeds gradually increased and finally stabilized at 3.16 g.Oil content increased initially and then decreased,and reached the highest level of 55.91 g/100g at 30 days after pollination.The trend of total sugar and fiber content was basically opposite to oil content.The protein content was stable at about 20 g/100g.The composition and content of fatty acids in each sample had little change.The total amino acid content showed a significant material accumulation relationship,and 17 amino acids were detected in all samples,the highest of which were glutamic acid and arginine.The content of ash and beneficial ingredients?lignans,tocopherol,total phenol?showed a gradual decrease.Oil content was significantly and negatively correlated with total sugar and fiber content.Protein content was extremely and positively correlated with1000-seed weight,while it was significantly and negatively correlated with other ingredients.Thousand-seed weight was significantly and negatively correlated with total sugar,fiber,ash,sesamin,sesamolin,VE and total phenol.The contents of total sugar and fiber were markedly and positively correlated with the contents of ash,sesamolin and total phenol.There were significant and positive correlations between ash,sesamin,sesamolin,VE and total phenol content.?2?The composition,structure and antioxidant activity of seven kinds of polysaccharide?SSPs?were studied.The results showed that the SSPs were all acid polysaccharide-protein complex structure according to the composition analysis.Monosaccharide composition analysis showed that SSPs were composed of rhamnose,arabinose,xylose,mannose,glucose and galactose,but their contents were different.The results of in vitro antioxidant indicators?DPPH�,�OH,FRAP?indicated that SSPC,a polysaccharide sample extracted from sesame seeds during25th day after full bloom,has strong antioxidant activity,which can be used for subsequent the study.?3?The role of SSPC in delaying the senescence of 2BS cells was studied.The results showed that the viability of SSPC-treated 2BS cells was better than that of the blank group within a certain dose range.SSPC could significantly decreased the cell supernatants for malondialdehyde?MDA?and monoamine oxidase?MAO??p<0.05?,and prominently increased the cell supernatants including superoxide dismutase?SOD?and total antioxidant capacity?T-AOC??p<0.05?.Cell cycle results show that SSPC can significantly reduce G1 and increase S-phase distribution,and promote 2BS cells from G1 to S and G2/M phases.The results of senescence-related proteins showed that SSPC can significantly reduce p21 and p53 activity levels?p<0.05?.In addition,?-galactosidase staining results showed that the proportion of positively stained cells in the SSPC-60 and SSPC-80 groups was significantly reduced compared with the blank group?p<0.05?.These findings indicate that SSPC could delay the senescence of 2BS cells to a certain extent.?4?The hepatoprotective effect of SSPC was explored using CCl₄-induced acute liver damage in mice.The results indicated that SSPC could significantly decreased serum contents for aspartate transaminase?AST?,alanine transaminase?ALT?,alkaline phosphatase?AKP?,lactate dehydrogenase?LDH?and hepatic content of malondialdehyde?MDA??p<0.05?,and prominently increased hepatic oxidative stress parameters including superoxide dismutase?SOD?,glutathione?GSH?and catalase?CAT??p<0.05?.Furthermore,histological observation showed that SSPC alleviated CCl₄-induced hepatic damage.These findings indicated that SSPC has significant protective effect against CCl₄-induced acute liver injury.