Design And Implementation Of Environmental Monitoring System Based On Open-pit Mining Area

China is a country with coal as its main energy source,and its coal storage and mining volume are both in the leading position in the world.In 2018,China's total coal mining reached 3.546 billion tons,and its imports were about 281.5 million tons.With the rapid development of China's economy and the increasing demand for coal by enterprises,large-scale coal mining is inevitable.Coal mining is mainly divided into mining and open pit mining.Compared with mining,open pit mining not only destroys the ecological environment,but also adversely affects human health.However,the existing environmental monitoring system does not include the air quality index,and the system cannot make a detailed judgment on the environmental conditions of the entire open-pit mine area.At the same time,traditional environmental monitoring equipment is not only not suitable for multi-point wiring in the field,but also expensive.Therefore,how to quickly and accurately monitor the environmental information of the area to which it belongs has become an urgent problem to be solved by open-pit coal mine enterprises.In view of the above problems,this paper designs an environmental monitoring system for open-pit mining area,which is composed of environmental sensing layer and remote monitoring layer.The system establishes the air quality prediction model based on the local historical environment data;collects the environmental information of the mining area in real time by using the sensor,forecasts the air quality index through the prediction model,and saves the collected data to the cloud server database at the same time;the staff can view the environmental information of the mining area and the historical environment data at any time through the graphical user interface.The main work of this paper is as follows:(1)The overall plan design of the environmental monitoring system in the open-pit mine area.Based on system requirements,LoRa/GPRS is selected as the system data transmission method,and the overall structure of the system is designed.(2)Hardware design of environmental monitoring system in open-pit mining area.The entire system is divided into an environmental awareness layer and a remote monitoring layer,and the overall hardware framework of the system is determined according to the environmental awareness layer;the environmental information sensors and cloud servers are selected according to the overall hardware framework;the power conversion circuit and sensor interface circuit are designed(3)Design of air quality prediction model in open-pit mine area.Design the air quality prediction scheme;introduce the relevant technologies such as support vector machine theory,particle swarm optimization,and genetic algorithm required for the air quality prediction model;for the improved support vector machine prediction model,first introduce the support vector machine Regression model,followed by the introduction of support vector machine parameter selection and evaluation criteria,in order to prevent the uncertainty,blindness and uncertainty of the mutation direction,the particle algorithm with dynamic weights is used to optimize the genetic algorithm,and the improved Type genetic algorithm optimizes support vector machine parameters,and introduces the optimization process.(4)Software design of environmental monitoring system for open-pit mining area.Design software for the cloud platform,design communication protocol,database and graphical user interface separately;in order to obtain the data set of the prediction model,acquire the environmental data of the mining area through sensors and preprocess the environmental data;design the overall structure of the embedded system,Transplant the ?C/OS-? operating system to STM32,and design the sensor acquisition process and LoRa/GPRS wireless communication process at the application layer.(5)Environmental monitoring system test of open pit mining area.Test Lora/GPRS wireless transmission module to verify the stability of wireless communication;under the normal operation of the system,test the actual mining area to verify the reliability of the system.The experimental results show that the environmental monitoring system of opencast mining area can monitor the environmental information data of mining area in real time,and the decision coefficient of prediction model can reach more than 98%,which can meet the requirements of environmental monitoring system,and provide certain reference for intelligent environmental monitoring of enterprises.