Rotary Precision Modeling And Mutual Compensation Design Of Machine Tool Spindle

The turning accuracy of the machine tool spindle is one of the core reasons for determining the machining accuracy of the machine tool.Studying and analyzing the turning accuracy and influencing factors of the spindle system and adopting appropriate methods to reduce errors can significantly improve the machining quality of the machine tool.In the current context of the manufacturing industry’s pursuit of precision and ultra-precision machining,in order to respond to the national requirements for the equipment manufacturing industry,to promote the rapid development of China’s manufacturing industry,it is necessary and necessary to improve the machine tool spindle rotation accuracy.Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign scholars’ research on spindle technology,this paper analyzes the shortcomings of the current development,and proposes a research topic of "machine tool spindle rotation accuracy modeling and accuracy mutual compensation design".Using MATLAB as the main tool to establish a digital model of the spindle rotation accuracy,analyze the influence of various error factors on the spindle rotation accuracy,and design a visual interface pair to optimize the errors that have a greater impact on the rotation accuracy,and propose a method of mutual compensation of errors.At the same time,In order to obtain the final influence of the spindle rotation accuracy,combined with the virtual machining principle,the workpiece morphology under virtual cutting conditions was simulated and the influence of the spindle rotation error on the machining accuracy was obtained.The main research work of this paper is as follows:Firstly,the common dual-supported spindle structure is taken as the research object.Through the analysis and simplification of the physical structure of the spindle,the source of error is analyzed,and the multi-body system theory and homogeneous coordinate transformation are used as the basic principles to describe the form of spindle error motion and Error transfer relationship,the digital motion model of the six degrees of freedom of the spindle system is established,and it will be used as the basis for subsequent analysis.Secondly,using the established mathematical model of the spindle rotation accuracy,combined with the error assessment method,to analyze the influence of each error factor on the spindle rotation accuracy.At the same time,in order to make the analysis process more convenient and the results more intuitive,use MATLAB-GUI to establish each error The visual simulation interface of the influence of factors on the spindle rotation accuracy.Using this interface can realize the analysis of the spindle rotation accuracy when the error factors are single or superimposed.Thirdly,in order to analyze the impact of spindle rotation error on machining accuracy,based on virtual machining technology,MATLAB is used as an auxiliary tool to prepare simulation machining software,and the machining accuracy is predicted by the virtual machining method.Under the condition that other cutting parameters are unchanged,the influence of the spindle’s radial runout on the surface machining quality of the workpiece is analyzed,and the effect of the spindle rotation error on the machining accuracy is obtained.Fourthly,the degree of influence of each error source on the spindle rotation accuracy is different.The degree of influence is expressed by the degree of error contribution.Through the analysis of the error contribution degree,an error that has a greater impact on the spindle rotation accuracy is obtained.There is a phenomenon of error cancellation between components.This phenomenon is called mutual error compensation.Based on this method,a precision mutual compensation software analysis system is compiled,and a fixed offset error mutual compensation method and a fixed span error mutual compensation method are proposed.Combined with the actual design structure of the spindle system,the system errors appearing at the front and rear supports are mutually compensated to reduce the total error of the spindle system and improve the spindle rotation accuracy.