Preparation Of A Novel Three-dimensional Porous Oil-absorbing Material And Its Application In Oil-water Separation

With the development of economy and society,oil spill accidents occur frequently,which seriously endangers the ecological environment and the healthy development of human beings.Adsorption method is widely used in oil-water separation because of its simple operation and low cost.However,many traditional adsorbent materials,such as plant fiber,wool,modified organic clay,exfoliated graphite,cellulose-based materials,have the disadvantages of low efficiency of adsorption oil,poor recyclability and high material cost.in view of the above problems,this paper greatly improves the oil absorption performance and oil-water separation efficiency of the adsorbent by preparing new 3d porous oil-absorbing materials.The main research contents and achievements are as followsP/graphene functionalized aerogels(PGA)with high adsorption capacity and hydrophobicity were prepared by one-step hydrothermal treatment using P(am-dmdaac)and graphene.The experimental results showed that the water contact angle of the PGA increased significantly after P(AM-DMDAAC)was doped into the aerogel,reaching 142.7°,and the oil contact angle was close to 0 o..Moreover,PGA has good adsorption ability for oil and organic solvents,the adsorption amount is between 40?130 g/g,and there is no obvious loss of adsorption amount after 10 cycles.At the same time,we found that by changing the preparation the pH,of the solution during the process can change the hydrophobicity of the PGA.when the pH of the solution in the preparation process is 5 or 11,the PGA obtained is amphiphilic material,which has strong adsorption ability for hydrophilic dyes such as MB(215 mg/g)and MO(65 mg/g).excellent adsorption capacity,recyclability,economy and mechanical strength make PGA a durable water purification material.In order to further reduce the material preparation cost and improve the mechanical properties of the material,the superhydrophobic melamine sponge was prepared by using melamine sponge as the base material by low temperature carbonization without adding other modifiers after pretreatment with sodium hydroxide.The contact angle of melamine sponge after carbonization can reach 152.7 o,and the oil contact angle is close to 0°,which has excellent hydrophobic and oil-friendly properties.Carbonized sponge shows excellent adsorption ability to various oils and organic solvents,up to 192 g/g,and can achieve adsorption equilibrium in a short time.Carbonized sponges are also excellent good chemical stability,after 48 hours of immersion in strong acid and alkali conditions,its water contact angle can still reach more than 130° due to the excellent elastic properties of carbonized sponge,the material can be recycled by extrusion compression,and the carbonized sponge after 5 cycles of regeneration still has good adsorption performance.Melamine sponge was impregnated into lignin solution to prepare superhydrophobic melamine sponge by low temperature heat treatment.after modification,the contact angle of melamine sponge water is 162°,which has excellent hydrophobic and oil-friendly properties.After modification,the sponge can be separated quickly and efficiently,and the adsorption capacity of various oils and organic solvents can reach up to 157 g/g..The introduction of lignin not only improves the hydrophobicity of sponge,but also improves the thermal stability of sponge,which is beneficial to its application under extreme conditions.The material can be recycled by extrusion,and its adsorption capacity can still be achieved after 5 cycles enough to reach more than 60%of the initial adsorption capacity...