Effects Of Ethanol Extract Of Amomum Tsao-ko Crevost Et Lemarie On Glucose And Lipid Metabolism And Oxidative Stress In Diabetic Rats

ObjectiveThe type 2 diabetic rats model was established by feeding high-fat and high-sugar diet combined with streptozotocin.After 6 weeks of intragastric intervention with ethanol extract of Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemarie(A.tsao-ko),the effects on various indexes of diabetic rats were observed.The protective effects of ethanol extract of A.tsao-ko on glucose and lipid metabolism,oxidative stress and pancreatic tissue in type 2 diabetic rats were explored.MethodsTotal of forty-two male SD rats aged of six weeks were randomly devided into two groups according to the body weight.The rats in control group were fed with normal pellet diet and the rest of the rats in model group were fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet.After 4 weeks,rats fed with high-sugar and high-fat diet received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to establish the diabetic animal model.After 12 days,the diabetic rats were randomly re-grouped as model group,Tsao-ko group and metformin group.The Tsao-ko group and metformin group were treated with ethanol extract of A.tsao-ko and metformin at a dose of 100 mg/(kg·d),respectively.The intervention lasted for six weeks.The body weight,food intake,the volume of drinking water and urine of the rats were recorded,and the oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)was carried out.The fasting blood glucose(FBG),serum insulin,blood lipids,serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were detected,and pancreatic tissue morphological was observated.Results1.Effects on body weight and metabolism:In the seventh week,the volume of drinking water and urine of rats in the model group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and body weight was lower than that of control group(P<0.05).In the 13th week,the body weight of the rats in the Tsao-ko group and the metformin group were higher than that in the model group.The volume of drinking water and urine of rats in the Tsao-ko group were lower than those in the model group(P<0.05).2.Effects on blood glucose and insulin:In the 13th week,FBG level in the Tsao-ko group and metformin group was lower than that in the model group(P<0.05).After the intervention of A.tsao-ko and metformin,the blood glucose peaks of Tsao-ko group and metformin group were lower than the model group in the OGTT,the blood glucose recovered faster than those in the model group.The insulin level of diabetic rats was higher than control group(P<0.05).The values of HOMA-? were 36.78±4.24%and 41.16±4.88%in the Tsao-ko group and metformin group respectively,which were higher than that in the model group.The values of HOMA-IR in the Tsao-ko group and metformin group were lower than that in the model group.3.Effects on blood lipids:The levels of total cholesterol,triglyceride and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol in the diabetic rats were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).In the 13th week,the levels of total cholesterol,triglyceride and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol in the Tsao-ko group and the metformin group were lower than those in the model group(P<0.05),but still higher than the control group.The high density lipoprotein-cholesterol level of rats in the Tsao-ko group and metformin group was higher-than that in the model group(P<0.05).4.Effects on oxidative stress:The serum SOD level of diabetic rats was decreased and the MDA value showed an increasing trend.In the 13th week,SOD activity of rats in the Tsao-ko and metformin groups was higher than that in the model group(P<0.05),and MDA value was lower than that of the model group.5.Effect on pancreas tissue morphology:Under the light microscope,after 6 weeks of ethanol extract of A.tsao-ko intervention,the islet shape was improved,the boundary was clear,and only the islet cell nucleus was loose.Conclusion1.Glucose and lipid metabolism disorder and oxidative stress were observed in type 2 diabetic rats.Pathological changes occurred in the pancreatic tissue.2.The intervention of A.tsao-ko could reduced the FBG levels in type 2 diabetic rats,improved glucose tolerance and insulin resistance of rats,improved the sensitivity of pancreatic islet cells,improved lipids metabolism disorders,and improved the antioxidant capacity of diabetic rats3.The intervention of ethanol extract of A.tsao-ko could improved the pancreatic tissue lesions in diabetic rats.